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Objective <p>Fear of falling (FoF) is prevalent among older adults with sarcopenia, frequently causing activity-restricting fear and requiring targeted interventions. Although FoF is influenced by individual factors like impaired balance or weakness of limbs, few studies have comprehensively analyzed its multidimensional factors. This study examines the relationships between FoF latent classes and multilevel factors (individual, familial, societal) in community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia.</p> Methods <p>This cross-sectional study utilized convenience sampling to recruit 356 participants (age ≥ 60 years) diagnosed with sarcopenia between December 2023 and December 2024. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, along with the Falls efficacy scale international (FES-I), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Family APGAR index, and the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). Latent profile analysis (LPA) identified distinct FoF classes. Multivariable logistic regression and a decision tree model were employed to identify the determinants of FoF profiles in older adults with sarcopenia.</p> Results <p>Four latent profiles were identified: Low Fear of falling (22.0%), Medium Fear of falling (40.7%), High Fear of falling (26.8%), Severe Fear of falling (10.5%). To identify the associated factors distinguishing these profiles, a CART decision tree was constructed. The analysis revealed that physical activity level, family APGAR index, and anxiety were the critical determinants for classifying FoF profiles. Multinomial logistic regression further quantified the associations between physical activity level and FoF profile membership, with physical activity level showing higher odds of membership in the lower-severity FoF profiles relative to the Severe Fear of Falling profile.</p> Conclusion <p>Our study found that FoF among community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia exhibits significant heterogeneity and offers valuable insights to more effectively customize targeted programs to reduce fear severity and related burdens.</p>

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Latent profiles of fear of falling and their determinants among community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia: a cross-sectional study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月23日

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  • Hui-qi Kang,
  • Yan-feng Wang,
  • Wu-hong Deng,
  • Xiu-fen Yang,
  • Si-jia Zhou,
  • Chao-ran Qu,
  • Hui Si,
  • Ting Wu,
  • Wei-xiang Luo

摘要

Objective

Fear of falling (FoF) is prevalent among older adults with sarcopenia, frequently causing activity-restricting fear and requiring targeted interventions. Although FoF is influenced by individual factors like impaired balance or weakness of limbs, few studies have comprehensively analyzed its multidimensional factors. This study examines the relationships between FoF latent classes and multilevel factors (individual, familial, societal) in community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia.

Methods

This cross-sectional study utilized convenience sampling to recruit 356 participants (age ≥ 60 years) diagnosed with sarcopenia between December 2023 and December 2024. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, along with the Falls efficacy scale international (FES-I), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Family APGAR index, and the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). Latent profile analysis (LPA) identified distinct FoF classes. Multivariable logistic regression and a decision tree model were employed to identify the determinants of FoF profiles in older adults with sarcopenia.

Results

Four latent profiles were identified: Low Fear of falling (22.0%), Medium Fear of falling (40.7%), High Fear of falling (26.8%), Severe Fear of falling (10.5%). To identify the associated factors distinguishing these profiles, a CART decision tree was constructed. The analysis revealed that physical activity level, family APGAR index, and anxiety were the critical determinants for classifying FoF profiles. Multinomial logistic regression further quantified the associations between physical activity level and FoF profile membership, with physical activity level showing higher odds of membership in the lower-severity FoF profiles relative to the Severe Fear of Falling profile.

Conclusion

Our study found that FoF among community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia exhibits significant heterogeneity and offers valuable insights to more effectively customize targeted programs to reduce fear severity and related burdens.