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Introduction <p>Parents of children undergoing cardiac surgery face significant anxiety. This study evaluated a preoperative preparation program for fathers of children (aged 3–7 years) having open-heart surgery.</p> Methods <p>In this semi-experimental study, 60 fathers were randomly assigned to an intervention group (<i>n</i> = 30) receiving structured preparation (hospital tours, group counseling, education) or a control group (<i>n</i> = 30) receiving standard care. Anxiety and self-efficacy were measured using the VAS-A and PSAM at three timepoints.</p> Results <p>Preoperative preparation significantly reduced fathers’ anxiety (mean difference: −2.1 points; 95% CI − 3.4 to − 0.8, <i>p</i> = 0.002) and increased self-efficacy (+ 8.7 points, 95% CI 5.2 to 12.1; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) compared to controls. These improvements persisted through discharge (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Structured interventions, including education and hospital tours, effectively alleviated paternal distress while enhancing confidence during their child’s cardiac surgery.</p> Conclusion <p>Preoperative preparation for fathers, including education about their child’s condition and treatment, significantly reduces anxiety and enhances self-efficacy. These interventions alleviate psychological distress and improve coping strategies, demonstrating the value of targeted support for fathers of children undergoing cardiac surgery.</p>

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Exploring the role of fathers’ preoperative preparation in reducing anxiety and enhancing self-efficacy before pediatric open-heart surgery

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月5日

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  • Roya Zamani,
  • Hadi Khoshab,
  • Azam Shirinabadi Farahani,
  • Manijeh Nourian,
  • Malihe Nasiri,
  • Kazem Najafi,
  • Sara Valadkhani

摘要

Introduction

Parents of children undergoing cardiac surgery face significant anxiety. This study evaluated a preoperative preparation program for fathers of children (aged 3–7 years) having open-heart surgery.

Methods

In this semi-experimental study, 60 fathers were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 30) receiving structured preparation (hospital tours, group counseling, education) or a control group (n = 30) receiving standard care. Anxiety and self-efficacy were measured using the VAS-A and PSAM at three timepoints.

Results

Preoperative preparation significantly reduced fathers’ anxiety (mean difference: −2.1 points; 95% CI − 3.4 to − 0.8, p = 0.002) and increased self-efficacy (+ 8.7 points, 95% CI 5.2 to 12.1; p < 0.001) compared to controls. These improvements persisted through discharge (p < 0.05). Structured interventions, including education and hospital tours, effectively alleviated paternal distress while enhancing confidence during their child’s cardiac surgery.

Conclusion

Preoperative preparation for fathers, including education about their child’s condition and treatment, significantly reduces anxiety and enhances self-efficacy. These interventions alleviate psychological distress and improve coping strategies, demonstrating the value of targeted support for fathers of children undergoing cardiac surgery.