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Objective <p>This study explores the influence of physical exercise on self-efficacy in adolescents, focusing on the mediating role of psychological resilience. By analyzing direct and indirect pathways, the study provides insights into the psychological mechanisms linking physical activity and self-efficacy.</p> Method <p>Data were collected from 1,613 adolescent participants across 15 provinces in China using validated questionnaires to measure physical exercise, psychological resilience, and self-efficacy. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test direct and mediated effects, while multi-group invariance testing examined gender differences.</p> Results <p>Physical exercise significantly predicts both psychological resilience (β = 0.410, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and self-efficacy (β = 0.220, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Psychological resilience positively predicts self-efficacy (β = 0.417, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Mediation analysis revealed that psychological resilience partially mediates the relationship between physical exercise and self-efficacy, contributing 43.85% to the total effect. Multi-group analysis confirmed structural invariance across genders.</p> Conclusion <p>Physical exercise enhances adolescents’ self-efficacy both directly and indirectly through psychological resilience. It strengthens psychological resilience, which in turn boosts self-efficacy. These findings highlight the key role of physical activity in promoting resilience and building adolescents’ confidence in their abilities.</p>

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How does physical exercise influence self-efficacy in adolescents? A study based on the mediating role of psychological resilience

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月21日

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  • Bo Peng,
  • Weisong Chen,
  • Hongshen Wang,
  • Ting Yu

摘要

Objective

This study explores the influence of physical exercise on self-efficacy in adolescents, focusing on the mediating role of psychological resilience. By analyzing direct and indirect pathways, the study provides insights into the psychological mechanisms linking physical activity and self-efficacy.

Method

Data were collected from 1,613 adolescent participants across 15 provinces in China using validated questionnaires to measure physical exercise, psychological resilience, and self-efficacy. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test direct and mediated effects, while multi-group invariance testing examined gender differences.

Results

Physical exercise significantly predicts both psychological resilience (β = 0.410, p < 0.001) and self-efficacy (β = 0.220, p < 0.001). Psychological resilience positively predicts self-efficacy (β = 0.417, p < 0.001). Mediation analysis revealed that psychological resilience partially mediates the relationship between physical exercise and self-efficacy, contributing 43.85% to the total effect. Multi-group analysis confirmed structural invariance across genders.

Conclusion

Physical exercise enhances adolescents’ self-efficacy both directly and indirectly through psychological resilience. It strengthens psychological resilience, which in turn boosts self-efficacy. These findings highlight the key role of physical activity in promoting resilience and building adolescents’ confidence in their abilities.