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Background <p><i>Tricholoma matsutake</i> (TM), a prized wild mushroom in Eurasia, hosts distinct microbiomes in its mycorrhizal zone (shiro), with some microbes known to benefit TM. However, no study has systematically compared shiro-inhabiting microbiomes across multiple studies from either taxonomic or functional perspectives.</p> Results <p>We first compiled bacterial and fungal amplicon sequences from public and newly generated datasets, then applied phylogenetic tree-based clustering to integrate technically heterogeneous sequences. This enabled the identification of core microbial phylotypes conserved in shiro from geographically diverse regions. We also revealed niche-specific phylotypes within the shiro, distinguishing those associated with soil, TM-colonized root, and fruitbody, thereby demonstrating clear niche differentiation. Functional predictions and experimental validation highlighted key roles of the microbes in degradation of aromatic compounds, utilization of plant-derived compounds, and fruitbody development.</p> Conclusions <p>Our cross-study integration of shiro microbial sequences identified core and niche-specific phylotypes with distinct ecological roles. This study lays a foundation for advancing ecological research and cultivation strategies for TM.</p>

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Functionally distinct core microbes of Tricholoma matsutake revealed by cross-study analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月4日

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  • Shinnam Yoo,
  • Chang Wan Seo,
  • Young Woon Lim

摘要

Background

Tricholoma matsutake (TM), a prized wild mushroom in Eurasia, hosts distinct microbiomes in its mycorrhizal zone (shiro), with some microbes known to benefit TM. However, no study has systematically compared shiro-inhabiting microbiomes across multiple studies from either taxonomic or functional perspectives.

Results

We first compiled bacterial and fungal amplicon sequences from public and newly generated datasets, then applied phylogenetic tree-based clustering to integrate technically heterogeneous sequences. This enabled the identification of core microbial phylotypes conserved in shiro from geographically diverse regions. We also revealed niche-specific phylotypes within the shiro, distinguishing those associated with soil, TM-colonized root, and fruitbody, thereby demonstrating clear niche differentiation. Functional predictions and experimental validation highlighted key roles of the microbes in degradation of aromatic compounds, utilization of plant-derived compounds, and fruitbody development.

Conclusions

Our cross-study integration of shiro microbial sequences identified core and niche-specific phylotypes with distinct ecological roles. This study lays a foundation for advancing ecological research and cultivation strategies for TM.