<p>Regulatory T cells (T<sub>regs</sub>), winners of the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, emerged as an unsung giant of peripheral immune tolerance after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). These cells exert influence across four interconnected immunological axes encompassing graft-versus-leukemia (GVL), graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), relapse, and viral infection. This correspondence highlights key advancements in T<sub>reg</sub>-based interventions in allo-HSCT, ranging from basic research to clinical applications, as presented at the ASH 2025 Annual Meeting. Accordingly, T<sub>regs</sub> are used as GVHD prophylaxis via the Orca-T platform and as a therapeutic strategy for steroid-refractory (SR)-GVHD patients. Experimental studies further pave the way to address existing limitations toward next-generation T<sub>reg</sub>-based cell therapy in allo-HSCT.</p>

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Clinical and translational advances in regulatory T cell-based strategies in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: highlights from ASH 2025

  • Somayeh Yazdanparast,
  • Saeid Abroun,
  • Tahereh Rostami,
  • Saeed Mohammadi

摘要

Regulatory T cells (Tregs), winners of the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, emerged as an unsung giant of peripheral immune tolerance after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). These cells exert influence across four interconnected immunological axes encompassing graft-versus-leukemia (GVL), graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), relapse, and viral infection. This correspondence highlights key advancements in Treg-based interventions in allo-HSCT, ranging from basic research to clinical applications, as presented at the ASH 2025 Annual Meeting. Accordingly, Tregs are used as GVHD prophylaxis via the Orca-T platform and as a therapeutic strategy for steroid-refractory (SR)-GVHD patients. Experimental studies further pave the way to address existing limitations toward next-generation Treg-based cell therapy in allo-HSCT.