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<p>The growing need for sustainable construction material has stimulated the objective and active interest in using recycled polymers and CO<sub>2</sub> cure method in the production of concrete. Traditional cement-based products are a source of intense pollution of global CO<sub>2</sub> and resource consumption. In this regard, the creation of carbonated reinforced concrete with polypropylene fiber can be viewed as a feasible step toward enhancing the mechanical characteristics, as well as reducing the environmental impact. This study offers an in-depth and novel evaluation of the effect of the changes in the water-to-cementitious materials (w/cm) ratio along with the inclusion of recycled polypropylene fibers on the mechanical response and long-term durability of concrete under in situ CO<sub>2</sub> injection using a CarbonCure-like process. Mixtures with lower w/cm ratios (0.25–0.45) exhibited higher compactness but reduced workability, which was further affected by polypropylene fiber additions (0.5–1.0% by cementitious mass), necessitating superplasticizer use. The addition of fibers increased the air content of the mixture from 1.8 to 2.6 at the dosage of 1.0% and reduced the density slightly, as the values of 2405–2410 kg/m<sup>3</sup> reduced to about 2395 kg/m<sup>3</sup>. Both variables had a positive impact on mechanical behavior, compressive strength improved up to 20 percent in lower w/cm ratios, and improvements in splitting tensile and flexural strengths were up to 15 percent with the addition of fiber. Accelerated CO<sup>2</sup> curing durability tests showed that the carbonation penetration depths dropped to 8.0mm to 6.6mm at w/cm of 0.25 and 17.5mm to 14.9mm at w/cm of 0.45 with 1.0 percent fiber contents. The microstructural examination revealed homogeneous dispersion of fibers, good fiber–matrix interfacial bonding, and a reduced number of microcracks in compact mixtures. The outcomes of SEM also showed that there was more calcite production and less content of portlandites especially in fiber-reinforced mixes with less w/cm ratio, which is a testament to successful carbonation.</p>

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Effects of Mix Proportions and Polypropylene Fibers Reinforcement on the Mechanical and Long-Term Durability Behavior of Carbonated Concrete

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月23日

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  • Mundher O. Al-Handhal,
  • Mohammed Hadi Nahi,
  • Riyadh Alsultani

摘要

The growing need for sustainable construction material has stimulated the objective and active interest in using recycled polymers and CO2 cure method in the production of concrete. Traditional cement-based products are a source of intense pollution of global CO2 and resource consumption. In this regard, the creation of carbonated reinforced concrete with polypropylene fiber can be viewed as a feasible step toward enhancing the mechanical characteristics, as well as reducing the environmental impact. This study offers an in-depth and novel evaluation of the effect of the changes in the water-to-cementitious materials (w/cm) ratio along with the inclusion of recycled polypropylene fibers on the mechanical response and long-term durability of concrete under in situ CO2 injection using a CarbonCure-like process. Mixtures with lower w/cm ratios (0.25–0.45) exhibited higher compactness but reduced workability, which was further affected by polypropylene fiber additions (0.5–1.0% by cementitious mass), necessitating superplasticizer use. The addition of fibers increased the air content of the mixture from 1.8 to 2.6 at the dosage of 1.0% and reduced the density slightly, as the values of 2405–2410 kg/m3 reduced to about 2395 kg/m3. Both variables had a positive impact on mechanical behavior, compressive strength improved up to 20 percent in lower w/cm ratios, and improvements in splitting tensile and flexural strengths were up to 15 percent with the addition of fiber. Accelerated CO2 curing durability tests showed that the carbonation penetration depths dropped to 8.0mm to 6.6mm at w/cm of 0.25 and 17.5mm to 14.9mm at w/cm of 0.45 with 1.0 percent fiber contents. The microstructural examination revealed homogeneous dispersion of fibers, good fiber–matrix interfacial bonding, and a reduced number of microcracks in compact mixtures. The outcomes of SEM also showed that there was more calcite production and less content of portlandites especially in fiber-reinforced mixes with less w/cm ratio, which is a testament to successful carbonation.