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Background <p>Food security is achieved when individuals have consistent and reliable physical, social, and economic access to adequate, safe, and nutritious food that meets their dietary requirements and supports a healthy life. Food security encompasses a broad range of factors that influence national food policies and other functional aspects of a country. Developing a food priority list by factoring in the various influencing factors is important and requires the identification of foods consumed at the national level, using tools such as food composition tables or 24-h recall surveys. Currently, Saudi Arabia lacks a national food composition table. The country needs a food security and nutrition program to build resilient livelihoods and identify food threats and crises. This study aimed to develop a priority matrix for food (PMIXF) and establish a priority food list that accounts for various influencing factors at the national level by utilizing a food balance sheet, a food commodity list, supply utilization accounts from the Food and Agriculture Organization, and consumption frequency data from household surveys.</p> Results <p>The study developed PMIXF to prioritize food items according to 11 food groups based on consumption frequency from household surveys (a total of 34 households) and national food supply. Most food items with a high national food supply were highly consumed by household participants. In addition, 100 foods were classified as low priority, 37 were classified as medium priority, and only seven were classified as high priority.</p> Conclusions <p>This matrix is expected to serve as a vital national instrument for enhancing food security by identifying essential food items for domestic production, thereby supporting the nation's economic diversification objectives. Additionally, it will provide a crucial resource for research in agriculture, nutrition, and public health. Further research to validate and implement this matrix tool at the national level is needed.</p>

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Establishing national food priority in Saudi Arabia: developing a priority matrix for food

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月26日

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  • Ghadir Fallata,
  • Omar Alhumaidan,
  • Haya Alomran,
  • Nahla Bawazeer,
  • Randah Alqurashi

摘要

Background

Food security is achieved when individuals have consistent and reliable physical, social, and economic access to adequate, safe, and nutritious food that meets their dietary requirements and supports a healthy life. Food security encompasses a broad range of factors that influence national food policies and other functional aspects of a country. Developing a food priority list by factoring in the various influencing factors is important and requires the identification of foods consumed at the national level, using tools such as food composition tables or 24-h recall surveys. Currently, Saudi Arabia lacks a national food composition table. The country needs a food security and nutrition program to build resilient livelihoods and identify food threats and crises. This study aimed to develop a priority matrix for food (PMIXF) and establish a priority food list that accounts for various influencing factors at the national level by utilizing a food balance sheet, a food commodity list, supply utilization accounts from the Food and Agriculture Organization, and consumption frequency data from household surveys.

Results

The study developed PMIXF to prioritize food items according to 11 food groups based on consumption frequency from household surveys (a total of 34 households) and national food supply. Most food items with a high national food supply were highly consumed by household participants. In addition, 100 foods were classified as low priority, 37 were classified as medium priority, and only seven were classified as high priority.

Conclusions

This matrix is expected to serve as a vital national instrument for enhancing food security by identifying essential food items for domestic production, thereby supporting the nation's economic diversification objectives. Additionally, it will provide a crucial resource for research in agriculture, nutrition, and public health. Further research to validate and implement this matrix tool at the national level is needed.