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Background <p>Periodontitis is a prevalent chronic inflammatory disease in older adults, and its pathogenesis is intertwined with ageing. Despite this, safe and effective anti-ageing interventions remain clinically limited.</p> Methods <p>This critical narrative review utilized a comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus through February 25, 2026. We qualitatively reviewed and cross-referenced recent in vitro models, in vivo animal studies, and human clinical trials to evaluate the bidirectional ageing–periodontitis network and preclinical therapeutics.</p> Results <p>Age-related periodontitis is driven by five interconnected mechanisms: oxidative stress, autophagy dysfunction, cellular senescence, immunosenescence, and microbial dysbiosis. Targeting these hallmarks provides new therapeutic options, including antioxidant therapies, autophagy restoration, senolytics, senomorphics, senescence reversal, and stem cell regeneration. Notably, localized drug delivery systems represent a promising preclinical strategy to overcome the systemic limitations of anti-ageing therapeutics.</p> Conclusions <p>In bridging basic ageing biology with clinical periodontology, this review proposes a preliminary conceptual framework to guide future research towards the precision treatment of age-related periodontitis. Localized delivery systems, biomarker-driven clinical trials, and the mechanistic validation of targeted anti-ageing interventions represent critical focuses for future clinical translation, ultimately contributing to the societal vision of healthy ageing.</p>

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Ageing-driven periodontitis: molecular mechanisms and emerging anti-ageing interventions

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月5日

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  • Mingchan Li,
  • Zhonghua Peng,
  • Ruixin Wang,
  • Yi Zheng,
  • Simin Li,
  • Deborah Kreher,
  • Gerhard Schmalz,
  • Qianqian Han,
  • Hongyi Tang

摘要

Background

Periodontitis is a prevalent chronic inflammatory disease in older adults, and its pathogenesis is intertwined with ageing. Despite this, safe and effective anti-ageing interventions remain clinically limited.

Methods

This critical narrative review utilized a comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus through February 25, 2026. We qualitatively reviewed and cross-referenced recent in vitro models, in vivo animal studies, and human clinical trials to evaluate the bidirectional ageing–periodontitis network and preclinical therapeutics.

Results

Age-related periodontitis is driven by five interconnected mechanisms: oxidative stress, autophagy dysfunction, cellular senescence, immunosenescence, and microbial dysbiosis. Targeting these hallmarks provides new therapeutic options, including antioxidant therapies, autophagy restoration, senolytics, senomorphics, senescence reversal, and stem cell regeneration. Notably, localized drug delivery systems represent a promising preclinical strategy to overcome the systemic limitations of anti-ageing therapeutics.

Conclusions

In bridging basic ageing biology with clinical periodontology, this review proposes a preliminary conceptual framework to guide future research towards the precision treatment of age-related periodontitis. Localized delivery systems, biomarker-driven clinical trials, and the mechanistic validation of targeted anti-ageing interventions represent critical focuses for future clinical translation, ultimately contributing to the societal vision of healthy ageing.