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Background <p><i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> is a prevalent nosocomial pathogen causing respiratory tract infections, and its biofilm formation poses challenges to treatment and influences prognosis. However, the data on strong biofilm-forming strains in Chinese respiratory tract infection patients and their independent prognostic value remain unclear.</p> Methods <p>This retrospective study included 362 inpatients with <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>-induced respiratory tract infections (Jan 2021–Jun 2023). Strains were subjected to crystal violet staining for biofilm quantification and Vitek2 Compact system for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Global Optimal Matching and Logistic regression were used for analysis.</p> Results <p>54.7% of isolates were strong biofilm-forming strains, with a higher multidrug resistance rate (53.0% vs 35.4%, <i>p</i> = 0.001). After Global Optimal Matching, patients infected with strong biofilm-forming strain had longer hospital stays (28.5 vs 19.0&#xa0;days, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and higher 30/60-day mortality (18.3%/20.1% vs 7.9%/8.5%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Strong biofilm formation, multidrug resistance, invasive mechanical ventilation, and diabetes were independent mortality risk factors.</p> Conclusion <p><i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> with strong biofilm formation is common in Chinese respiratory tract infection patients, associated with increased drug resistance and mortality, serves as an independent short-term prognostic factor for mortality. This study fills gaps in Chinese population data and validates the clinical utility of biofilm detection, providing critical evidence to guide clinical risk stratification and treatment.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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The role of biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in respiratory tract infections and its impact on patient prognosis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月18日

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  • Xiaohuan Wang,
  • Kaijing Gao,
  • Shuo Yang,
  • Tongtong Tian,
  • Beili Wang,
  • Yuanlin Song,
  • Wei Guo

摘要

Background

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a prevalent nosocomial pathogen causing respiratory tract infections, and its biofilm formation poses challenges to treatment and influences prognosis. However, the data on strong biofilm-forming strains in Chinese respiratory tract infection patients and their independent prognostic value remain unclear.

Methods

This retrospective study included 362 inpatients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced respiratory tract infections (Jan 2021–Jun 2023). Strains were subjected to crystal violet staining for biofilm quantification and Vitek2 Compact system for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Global Optimal Matching and Logistic regression were used for analysis.

Results

54.7% of isolates were strong biofilm-forming strains, with a higher multidrug resistance rate (53.0% vs 35.4%, p = 0.001). After Global Optimal Matching, patients infected with strong biofilm-forming strain had longer hospital stays (28.5 vs 19.0 days, p < 0.001) and higher 30/60-day mortality (18.3%/20.1% vs 7.9%/8.5%, p < 0.01). Strong biofilm formation, multidrug resistance, invasive mechanical ventilation, and diabetes were independent mortality risk factors.

Conclusion

Pseudomonas aeruginosa with strong biofilm formation is common in Chinese respiratory tract infection patients, associated with increased drug resistance and mortality, serves as an independent short-term prognostic factor for mortality. This study fills gaps in Chinese population data and validates the clinical utility of biofilm detection, providing critical evidence to guide clinical risk stratification and treatment.

Graphical Abstract