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Background <p>This cross-sectional investigation aimed to investigate the association of plasma Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF-15) with kidney function in frail and pre-frail older individuals, and to further test the mediating roles of inflammation and oxidative stress.</p> Methods <p>483 older adults (71.64 ± 6.07&#xa0;years) with frailty or pre-frailty status were included. Plasma GDF-15 was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. An estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) &lt; 60&#xa0;mL/min/1.73m<sup>2</sup> was indicated as kidney dysfunction. Spearman correlation coefficients and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the relationship between GDF-15 and kidney function. Structural equation modeling was used to explore the mediating factors.</p> Results <p>Both the absolute concentration and the ln-transformed concentration of GDF-15 were significantly negatively correlated with eGFR (both <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). In the multivariate logistic analysis, the odds ratio (OR) of kidney dysfunction for per 1-SD increase in GDF-15 was 1.36 (95% CI 1.04–1.78). Compared with the first quartile group of GDF-15, the OR of kidney dysfunction in the third quartile group was 2.74 (95% CI 1.44–5.23, <i>P</i> = 0.002). Tumor necrosis factor, malondialdehyde, and glutathione peroxidase mediated the relationship between GDF-15 and eGFR, with mediating proportions of 7.23%, 8.41%, and 9.83%, respectively.</p> Conclusions <p>Our findings suggest that high levels of GDF-15 are associated with lower eGFR in frail and pre-frail older individuals. GDF-15 may be related to kidney function through&#xa0;its involvement in inflammatory and oxidative stress responses.</p>

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Associations of growth differentiation factor 15 with kidney function in frail and pre-frail older individuals: the mediating role of inflammation and oxidative stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月4日

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  • Chi Zhang,
  • Anying Bai,
  • Yuting Kang,
  • Qiang Gao,
  • Jie Zhang,
  • Yushan Zhang,
  • Zehong Huo,
  • Yingqi Zhao,
  • Hong Shi,
  • Ji Shen,
  • Ping Zeng

摘要

Background

This cross-sectional investigation aimed to investigate the association of plasma Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF-15) with kidney function in frail and pre-frail older individuals, and to further test the mediating roles of inflammation and oxidative stress.

Methods

483 older adults (71.64 ± 6.07 years) with frailty or pre-frailty status were included. Plasma GDF-15 was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. An estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73m2 was indicated as kidney dysfunction. Spearman correlation coefficients and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the relationship between GDF-15 and kidney function. Structural equation modeling was used to explore the mediating factors.

Results

Both the absolute concentration and the ln-transformed concentration of GDF-15 were significantly negatively correlated with eGFR (both P < 0.001). In the multivariate logistic analysis, the odds ratio (OR) of kidney dysfunction for per 1-SD increase in GDF-15 was 1.36 (95% CI 1.04–1.78). Compared with the first quartile group of GDF-15, the OR of kidney dysfunction in the third quartile group was 2.74 (95% CI 1.44–5.23, P = 0.002). Tumor necrosis factor, malondialdehyde, and glutathione peroxidase mediated the relationship between GDF-15 and eGFR, with mediating proportions of 7.23%, 8.41%, and 9.83%, respectively.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that high levels of GDF-15 are associated with lower eGFR in frail and pre-frail older individuals. GDF-15 may be related to kidney function through its involvement in inflammatory and oxidative stress responses.