Background <p>Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a multifactorial three-dimensional spinal deformity whose pathogenesis remains not fully understood. While cardiopulmonary compromise may occur in severe thoracic curves, mild AIS more commonly affects adolescents’ physical appearance and psychological well-being.</p> Objectives <p>This study aimed to examine the impact of sensory integration training combined with Schroth therapy on adolescents with mild idiopathic scoliosis and to furnish more evidence for the clinical management of this condition.</p> Methods <p>Sixty-two adolescents (ages 10 to 18, 26.67% male) diagnosed with mild idiopathic scoliosis (Cobb angle 10–25°) were recruited and randomly allocated into an intervention group (n = 31) and a control group (n = 31). The intervention group received a combined therapy (60-min Schroth + 30-min sensory integration) per session, while the control group received 90&#xa0;min of Schroth therapy alone. The treatment period lasted 12&#xa0;weeks for both groups. The trunk rotation angle (ATR), Cobb's angle, spinal mobility, and the Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22) questionnaire were evaluated at baseline and post-intervention.</p> Results <p>No significant differences in outcomes were observed between the two groups at baseline (P &gt; 0.05). After the 12-week intervention, Cobb angle, ATR, spinal mobility, and SRS-22 scores significantly improved in both groups compared to pre-treatment values (P &lt; 0.05). The intervention group demonstrated significantly greater improvement in all outcomes compared to the control group (P &lt; 0.05).</p> Conclusions <p>For adolescents with mild idiopathic scoliosis, the combination of sensory integration training and Schroth therapy is more effective than Schroth therapy alone in reducing the Cobb angle and ATR, improving spinal mobility, and enhancing quality of life.</p>