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Background <p>Prior research has established that an ankle-brachial index (ABI) ≤ 0.9 is positively correlated with cardiovascular events, including coronary heart disease (CHD). The present study aimed to elucidate the dose–response relationship between ABI and CHD within a hypertensive population.</p> Methods <p>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis involving 10,900 hypertensive patients, with CHD as the primary outcome. A generalized additive model (GAM) and fitted smoothing curve were employed to assess linearity and delineate the dose–response association between ABI and CHD.</p> Results <p>The cohort had a mean (SD) age of 68.3 (9.25) years, with 5129 (47.06%) being male. CHD was present in 552 (5.06%) participants. The fully adjusted odds ratio (OR) for CHD associated with ABI levels was 0.75 (95%CI 0.33–1.71). An L-shaped relationship between ABI and CHD was identified, with an inflection point at 1.07. Below this threshold, ABI showed a negative correlation with CHD (OR: 0.27; 95%CI 0.08–0.84), whereas above it, the association was not significant (OR: 3.08; 95%CI 0.60–15.80).</p> Conclusions <p>In Chinese adults with hypertension, ABI exhibits a nonlinear, L-shaped association with CHD, with the inflection point at 1.07.</p>

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L-shaped association between ankle-brachial index and coronary heart disease in Chinese adults with hypertension

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月4日

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  • Wei Zhou,
  • Yumeng Shi,
  • Chao Yu,
  • Tao Wang,
  • Lingjuan Zhu,
  • Huihui Bao,
  • Xiaoshu Cheng

摘要

Background

Prior research has established that an ankle-brachial index (ABI) ≤ 0.9 is positively correlated with cardiovascular events, including coronary heart disease (CHD). The present study aimed to elucidate the dose–response relationship between ABI and CHD within a hypertensive population.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional analysis involving 10,900 hypertensive patients, with CHD as the primary outcome. A generalized additive model (GAM) and fitted smoothing curve were employed to assess linearity and delineate the dose–response association between ABI and CHD.

Results

The cohort had a mean (SD) age of 68.3 (9.25) years, with 5129 (47.06%) being male. CHD was present in 552 (5.06%) participants. The fully adjusted odds ratio (OR) for CHD associated with ABI levels was 0.75 (95%CI 0.33–1.71). An L-shaped relationship between ABI and CHD was identified, with an inflection point at 1.07. Below this threshold, ABI showed a negative correlation with CHD (OR: 0.27; 95%CI 0.08–0.84), whereas above it, the association was not significant (OR: 3.08; 95%CI 0.60–15.80).

Conclusions

In Chinese adults with hypertension, ABI exhibits a nonlinear, L-shaped association with CHD, with the inflection point at 1.07.