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<p>Pesticide exposure during larval development can cause long-lasting impairments in honey bees; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. We examined transcriptomic alterations in adult bee heads following chronic larval exposure to sublethal doses of two insecticides: lambda-cyhalothrin (LCY, a pyrethroid) and spinetoram (SPI, a spinosyn). High-quality RNA-sequ data (mapping rates &gt; 95%) were obtained from controls, LCY-, and SPI-exposed groups. Differential expression analysis revealed 6,166 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in LCY- treated head group (3,098 upregulated, 3,068 downregulated) and 184 DEGs in SPI- treated head group (66 upregulated, 118 downregulated). Gene Set Enrichment Analysis revealed distinct, compound-specific transcriptomic signatures: LCY exposure primarily activated receptor-mediated signaling and developmental pathways. It concurrently downregulated translation, oxidative phosphorylation, and DNA repair, suggesting a trade-off between stress signaling and cellular maintenance. In contrast, SPI exposure markedly suppressed ion channel activity and neuronal signaling. Simultaneously, it promoted proteolytic and metabolic processes, indicating enhanced proteostasis and metabolic remodeling. Cluster-based enrichment mapping further highlighted these divergent profiles; LCY redirected cellular programs toward signaling and stress responses at the expense of core metabolic and transcriptional functions, whereas SPI promoted protein synthesis and endoplasmic reticulum-associated processing while attenuating higher-order regulatory pathways. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR validation of selected DEGs confirmed strong concordance with RNA-seq results. Overall, chronic larval pesticide exposure triggers distinct, persistent transcriptomic reprogramming in adult honey bee heads, potentially impairing neural and behavioral functions critical to colony health.</p>

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Head-specific transcriptomic profiles associated with chronic exposure to lambda-cyhalothrin and spinetoram during larval stage in honey bees (Apis mellifera)

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月19日

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  • Bala Murali Krishna Vasamsetti,
  • Hyunjun Lee,
  • Kyongmi Chon,
  • Juyeong Kim,
  • Bo-Seon Kim,
  • Chang-Young Yoon,
  • Sojeong Hwang,
  • Minju Choi,
  • Hui-Yeon Ahn,
  • Kyeong-Hun Park

摘要

Pesticide exposure during larval development can cause long-lasting impairments in honey bees; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. We examined transcriptomic alterations in adult bee heads following chronic larval exposure to sublethal doses of two insecticides: lambda-cyhalothrin (LCY, a pyrethroid) and spinetoram (SPI, a spinosyn). High-quality RNA-sequ data (mapping rates > 95%) were obtained from controls, LCY-, and SPI-exposed groups. Differential expression analysis revealed 6,166 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in LCY- treated head group (3,098 upregulated, 3,068 downregulated) and 184 DEGs in SPI- treated head group (66 upregulated, 118 downregulated). Gene Set Enrichment Analysis revealed distinct, compound-specific transcriptomic signatures: LCY exposure primarily activated receptor-mediated signaling and developmental pathways. It concurrently downregulated translation, oxidative phosphorylation, and DNA repair, suggesting a trade-off between stress signaling and cellular maintenance. In contrast, SPI exposure markedly suppressed ion channel activity and neuronal signaling. Simultaneously, it promoted proteolytic and metabolic processes, indicating enhanced proteostasis and metabolic remodeling. Cluster-based enrichment mapping further highlighted these divergent profiles; LCY redirected cellular programs toward signaling and stress responses at the expense of core metabolic and transcriptional functions, whereas SPI promoted protein synthesis and endoplasmic reticulum-associated processing while attenuating higher-order regulatory pathways. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR validation of selected DEGs confirmed strong concordance with RNA-seq results. Overall, chronic larval pesticide exposure triggers distinct, persistent transcriptomic reprogramming in adult honey bee heads, potentially impairing neural and behavioral functions critical to colony health.