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Background <p>Nitrogen (N) addition profoundly alters soil phosphatase activities and induces widespread microbial phosphorus (P) limitation in grassland ecosystems. However, the long-term effects of different rates and chemical forms of N addition on soil acid phosphatase (ACP) activity and P availability remain unclear. Here, based on a 10-year N addition experiment, we investigated the effects of a range of N addition rates (0–50&#xa0;g&#xa0;N&#xa0;m<sup>−2</sup>&#xa0;yr<sup>−1</sup>) applied as either (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> or urea on ACP activity in a northern China meadow steppe, with and without mowing management.</p> Results <p>We found that ACP activity remained unaffected by N addition until certain thresholds were reached (&lt; 10&#xa0;g&#xa0;N&#xa0;m<sup>−2</sup>&#xa0;yr<sup>−1</sup> for [(NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>] and &lt; 20&#xa0;g&#xa0;N&#xa0;m<sup>−2</sup>&#xa0;yr<sup>−1</sup> for urea), beyond which it declined sharply. (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> exerted a stronger inhibitory effect on ACP activity compared to urea, with the former primarily acting through soil acidification and the latter through a decrease in bacterial diversity. In contrast, mowing regimes did not significantly alter ACP activity under either N form.</p> Conclusions <p>Our findings underscore the necessity of accounting for both N addition rates and N forms when assessing atmospheric N deposition impacts on soil phosphatase activity. These results inform the development of management strategies to mitigate declines in soil enzyme activity and enhance the long-term sustainability of grassland ecosystems.</p>

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Differential impacts of nitrogen compounds on soil acid phosphatase activity in a meadow steppe

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月12日

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  • Xiaomin Wang,
  • Wen Xia,
  • Kaicun Yan,
  • Ketao Yu,
  • Jianmin Wang,
  • Xiaoyu Yang,
  • Yi Zhou,
  • Haiyang Zhang,
  • Liangchao Jiang,
  • Xingguo Han,
  • Osbert Jianxin Sun,
  • Yong Jiang,
  • Lingfei Yu

摘要

Background

Nitrogen (N) addition profoundly alters soil phosphatase activities and induces widespread microbial phosphorus (P) limitation in grassland ecosystems. However, the long-term effects of different rates and chemical forms of N addition on soil acid phosphatase (ACP) activity and P availability remain unclear. Here, based on a 10-year N addition experiment, we investigated the effects of a range of N addition rates (0–50 g N m−2 yr−1) applied as either (NH4)2SO4 or urea on ACP activity in a northern China meadow steppe, with and without mowing management.

Results

We found that ACP activity remained unaffected by N addition until certain thresholds were reached (< 10 g N m−2 yr−1 for [(NH4)2SO4] and < 20 g N m−2 yr−1 for urea), beyond which it declined sharply. (NH4)2SO4 exerted a stronger inhibitory effect on ACP activity compared to urea, with the former primarily acting through soil acidification and the latter through a decrease in bacterial diversity. In contrast, mowing regimes did not significantly alter ACP activity under either N form.

Conclusions

Our findings underscore the necessity of accounting for both N addition rates and N forms when assessing atmospheric N deposition impacts on soil phosphatase activity. These results inform the development of management strategies to mitigate declines in soil enzyme activity and enhance the long-term sustainability of grassland ecosystems.