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Background <p>This article proposes an integrative approach to assess the relationship between climate risk exposure and performance of sustainable development within the regional framework of the European Union (EU27), offering a novel economic and geopolitical perspective on the green transition. The research primarily aims to classify European regions according to their climate vulnerability and macroeconomic responsiveness, with a focus on the impact of green finance on socioeconomic convergence and long-term sustainability between 2010 and 2023.</p> <p>The analysis is structured around two significant timeframes: 2010, which is representative of the period following the global economic crisis, and 2023, which is marked by the consolidation of the European Green Deal and the recent challenges faced in the energy sector, as well as the pressures exerted by the global geo-economic landscape.</p> Results <p>Using advanced analytical techniques, such as heat maps, correlation analysis and cluster analysis, the study identifies distinct patterns and clusters of countries regarding climate resilience and socioeconomic performance for the period from 2010 to 2023. The results highlight clear differences between Western/Northern Europe and Eastern/Southern Europe. In the west and north, the green infrastructure is well developed, climate policies are robust, and sustainability is firmly embedded in economic plans. In contrast, the south and east face greater climate risks, rely heavily on polluting industries, and struggle with weak infrastructure and limited access to green funds.</p> Conclusions <p>This research study emphasizes the need for targeted public policies and fair distribution of resources to support the green transition, taking regional differences into account. It highlights the fact that green finance benefits not only the environment, but also strengthens economic and social ties within the EU. It is crucial to ensure that everyone has equal access to technology, innovation and green knowledge in order to make the transition fair and effective across all regions of Europe. These findings suggest that bridging the gap between regional capacities and sustainability objectives is essential for the long-term success of the European Green Deal.</p>

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How are the winds of climate risk shaping the EU’s regional sustainable development?

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月20日

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  • Cristina Criste,
  • Anastasia Doraș Lisnic,
  • Petru Marin Ştefea,
  • Oana Ramona Lobonț

摘要

Background

This article proposes an integrative approach to assess the relationship between climate risk exposure and performance of sustainable development within the regional framework of the European Union (EU27), offering a novel economic and geopolitical perspective on the green transition. The research primarily aims to classify European regions according to their climate vulnerability and macroeconomic responsiveness, with a focus on the impact of green finance on socioeconomic convergence and long-term sustainability between 2010 and 2023.

The analysis is structured around two significant timeframes: 2010, which is representative of the period following the global economic crisis, and 2023, which is marked by the consolidation of the European Green Deal and the recent challenges faced in the energy sector, as well as the pressures exerted by the global geo-economic landscape.

Results

Using advanced analytical techniques, such as heat maps, correlation analysis and cluster analysis, the study identifies distinct patterns and clusters of countries regarding climate resilience and socioeconomic performance for the period from 2010 to 2023. The results highlight clear differences between Western/Northern Europe and Eastern/Southern Europe. In the west and north, the green infrastructure is well developed, climate policies are robust, and sustainability is firmly embedded in economic plans. In contrast, the south and east face greater climate risks, rely heavily on polluting industries, and struggle with weak infrastructure and limited access to green funds.

Conclusions

This research study emphasizes the need for targeted public policies and fair distribution of resources to support the green transition, taking regional differences into account. It highlights the fact that green finance benefits not only the environment, but also strengthens economic and social ties within the EU. It is crucial to ensure that everyone has equal access to technology, innovation and green knowledge in order to make the transition fair and effective across all regions of Europe. These findings suggest that bridging the gap between regional capacities and sustainability objectives is essential for the long-term success of the European Green Deal.