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<p>Epigenetic regulation is crucial in directing T-cell differentiation, function, and fate, thereby influencing the success of T-cell-based immunotherapies. This review begins with an overview of the evolution of T-cell immunotherapies in cancer treatment. We then examine key epigenetic regulators—such as DNA methylation, mRNA methylation, and histone methylation—and their roles in shaping T-cell states during infection and tumorigenesis. The contributions of these regulators to T-cell exhaustion and lineage commitment are discussed in the context of immunotherapy efficacy. We highlight recent advances in targeting epigenetic pathways to enhance CAR-T and TCR-based therapies and conclude with current challenges and emerging strategies to improve the durability and effectiveness of adoptive T-cell therapies.</p>

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Targeting epigenetic regulators to boost T cell immunotherapy against cancer

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月3日

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  • Tiaojiang Xiao,
  • Ying E. Zhang

摘要

Epigenetic regulation is crucial in directing T-cell differentiation, function, and fate, thereby influencing the success of T-cell-based immunotherapies. This review begins with an overview of the evolution of T-cell immunotherapies in cancer treatment. We then examine key epigenetic regulators—such as DNA methylation, mRNA methylation, and histone methylation—and their roles in shaping T-cell states during infection and tumorigenesis. The contributions of these regulators to T-cell exhaustion and lineage commitment are discussed in the context of immunotherapy efficacy. We highlight recent advances in targeting epigenetic pathways to enhance CAR-T and TCR-based therapies and conclude with current challenges and emerging strategies to improve the durability and effectiveness of adoptive T-cell therapies.