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Background <p>Nicotine is known to influence metabolism and body weight, yet existing murine models of nicotine exposure often fail to replicate human smoking behaviors accurately. To address this gap, we designed a cost-effective, self-administered nicotine inhalation system that allows mice to voluntarily inhale nicotine vapor generated from e-liquid.</p> Results <p>Using this system, we investigated the metabolic effects of nicotine exposure in adult and adolescent mice. Adult mice exposed to nicotine vapor for 10&#xa0;days exhibited significant weight loss, which was rapidly regained upon cessation, paralleling human smoking patterns. In contrast, adolescent mice did not lose weight during nicotine exposure but experienced increased fat mass accumulation after cessation. These results highlight critical age-dependent differences in nicotine’s metabolic effects and challenge the common perception that nicotine aids in weight control among adolescents.</p> Conclusions <p>Our novel e-liquid–based inhalation model provides a valuable tool for studying nicotine’s physiological and behavioral effects, with implications for understanding smoking-related health risks and addiction mechanisms.</p>

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A novel self-inhaled nicotine exposure system in murine models reveals age-dependent metabolic effects of nicotine

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月26日

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  • Xu Xu,
  • Hailan Liu,
  • Meng Yu,
  • Qingzhuo Liu,
  • Yongxiang Li,
  • Yue Deng,
  • Yuxue Yang,
  • Jingjing Cheng,
  • Yutian Liu,
  • Mengjie Wang,
  • Xing Fang,
  • Longlong Tu,
  • Olivia Z. Ginnard,
  • Kristine M. McDermott,
  • Darah Threat,
  • Fuhui Wang,
  • Meixin Sun,
  • Xinming Liu,
  • Jiamin Qiu,
  • Xi Wu,
  • Jinjing Jian,
  • Tong Zhou,
  • Megan E. Burt,
  • Sanika V. Jossy,
  • Junying Han,
  • Chunmei Wang,
  • Yongjie Yang,
  • Yong Xu,
  • Yuhan Shi

摘要

Background

Nicotine is known to influence metabolism and body weight, yet existing murine models of nicotine exposure often fail to replicate human smoking behaviors accurately. To address this gap, we designed a cost-effective, self-administered nicotine inhalation system that allows mice to voluntarily inhale nicotine vapor generated from e-liquid.

Results

Using this system, we investigated the metabolic effects of nicotine exposure in adult and adolescent mice. Adult mice exposed to nicotine vapor for 10 days exhibited significant weight loss, which was rapidly regained upon cessation, paralleling human smoking patterns. In contrast, adolescent mice did not lose weight during nicotine exposure but experienced increased fat mass accumulation after cessation. These results highlight critical age-dependent differences in nicotine’s metabolic effects and challenge the common perception that nicotine aids in weight control among adolescents.

Conclusions

Our novel e-liquid–based inhalation model provides a valuable tool for studying nicotine’s physiological and behavioral effects, with implications for understanding smoking-related health risks and addiction mechanisms.