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<p>Probiotics have been shown to exert antiproliferative effects on colon cancer cells. While these effects are often attributed to microbiome regulation, they may also result from bioactive metabolites produced by probiotic bacteria. In the present study, we investigated the impact of a cell-free extract, hereafter referred to as a postbiotic, derived from <i>Bacillus mojavensis</i>, a strain isolated from <i>aguamiel</i> (a traditional Mexican beverage). The antiproliferative activity was evaluated in SW480 human colon cancer cells using MTT and crystal violet assays, while antimigratory effects were assessed through a wound-healing assay. In addition, the ability of the postbiotic to counteract inflammatory proliferation was evaluated in SW480 cells treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Biosafety was tested using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors. Results demonstrated that treatment with 25–50&#xa0;µg/mL of <i>B. mojavensis</i> postbiotic reduced SW480 cell viability by 75.15% and 79.3%, respectively, and significantly inhibited cell migration after 24&#xa0;h. Moreover, the postbiotic decreased LPS-induced proliferation without exerting any cytotoxic effect on PBMCs, underscoring its selectivity toward malignant cells. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, transcriptomic profiling was performed, revealing extensive modulation of oncogenes and tumor suppressors, with enrichment of PI3K–Akt, MAPK, apoptosis, and cytokine receptor pathways. In conclusion, postbiotics from <i>B. mojavensis</i> isolated from <i>aguamiel</i> exhibit selective anticancer activity by inhibiting proliferation, migration, and inflammation-induced growth in colorectal cancer cells. Transcriptomic findings further support these effects.</p>

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Bacillus mojavensis postbiotics: transcriptomic and anticancer effects in colon cancer cells

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月4日

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  • María Alejandra Trujillo-López,
  • Cristina Muñoz-Olivos,
  • Miguel Ángel Garduño-Vargas,
  • José Manuel Sánchez-López,
  • Verónica Miroslava Martínez-Ortiz,
  • Beatriz Pérez-Armendáriz,
  • Elie Girgis El-Kassis,
  • Elizabeth Bautista-Rodriguez

摘要

Probiotics have been shown to exert antiproliferative effects on colon cancer cells. While these effects are often attributed to microbiome regulation, they may also result from bioactive metabolites produced by probiotic bacteria. In the present study, we investigated the impact of a cell-free extract, hereafter referred to as a postbiotic, derived from Bacillus mojavensis, a strain isolated from aguamiel (a traditional Mexican beverage). The antiproliferative activity was evaluated in SW480 human colon cancer cells using MTT and crystal violet assays, while antimigratory effects were assessed through a wound-healing assay. In addition, the ability of the postbiotic to counteract inflammatory proliferation was evaluated in SW480 cells treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Biosafety was tested using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors. Results demonstrated that treatment with 25–50 µg/mL of B. mojavensis postbiotic reduced SW480 cell viability by 75.15% and 79.3%, respectively, and significantly inhibited cell migration after 24 h. Moreover, the postbiotic decreased LPS-induced proliferation without exerting any cytotoxic effect on PBMCs, underscoring its selectivity toward malignant cells. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, transcriptomic profiling was performed, revealing extensive modulation of oncogenes and tumor suppressors, with enrichment of PI3K–Akt, MAPK, apoptosis, and cytokine receptor pathways. In conclusion, postbiotics from B. mojavensis isolated from aguamiel exhibit selective anticancer activity by inhibiting proliferation, migration, and inflammation-induced growth in colorectal cancer cells. Transcriptomic findings further support these effects.