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<p><i>Nanhsiungchelys</i>, the type genus of Nanhsiungchelyidae, is an extinct turtle taxon that lived during the Late Cretaceous in southern China. Despite having a relatively abundant fossil record, the plastral morphology of <i>Nanhsiungchelys</i> is not well understood. Here, we describe a large specimen of <i>Nanhsiungchelys</i> with an associated skull and shell (SNHM 1558) from the Upper Cretaceous of Nanxiong Basin, China. The skull of SNHM 1558 is similar to that of <i>Nanhsiungchelys yangi</i>, but the carapace bears a pair of stick-like anterolateral processes. For this reason, we tentatively refer SNHM 1558 to <i>Nanhsiungchelys</i> cf. <i>yangi</i>. A concave plastron and a narrower posterior lobe indicate that SNHM 1558 may be a male. <i>Nanhsiungchelys</i> spp. was previously regarded as the most advanced taxa of Nanhsiungchelyidae, but some morphological characteristics suggest plesiomorphic similarities with the outgroup <i>Adocus</i> spp. A phylogenetic analysis using <i>Adocus</i> spp. as the outgroup suggests that <i>Nanhsiungchelys</i> spp. and <i>Anomalochelys angulata</i> form a monophyletic group at the base of Nanhsiungchelyidae. However, this phylogenetic result is not conclusive, as <i>Nanhsiungchelys</i> spp. is found deeply nested within the tree when <i>Sinaspideretes wimani</i> is employed as the outgroup.</p>

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Taxonomy, morphology, and phylogeny of a nearly complete nanhsiungchelyid specimen from the Upper Cretaceous of the Nanxiong Basin, China

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月5日

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  • Yuzheng Ke,
  • Zhongye Shi,
  • Haiyan Tong,
  • Bicheng Li,
  • Yunfei Zhang,
  • Fenglu Han,
  • Walter G. Joyce

摘要

Nanhsiungchelys, the type genus of Nanhsiungchelyidae, is an extinct turtle taxon that lived during the Late Cretaceous in southern China. Despite having a relatively abundant fossil record, the plastral morphology of Nanhsiungchelys is not well understood. Here, we describe a large specimen of Nanhsiungchelys with an associated skull and shell (SNHM 1558) from the Upper Cretaceous of Nanxiong Basin, China. The skull of SNHM 1558 is similar to that of Nanhsiungchelys yangi, but the carapace bears a pair of stick-like anterolateral processes. For this reason, we tentatively refer SNHM 1558 to Nanhsiungchelys cf. yangi. A concave plastron and a narrower posterior lobe indicate that SNHM 1558 may be a male. Nanhsiungchelys spp. was previously regarded as the most advanced taxa of Nanhsiungchelyidae, but some morphological characteristics suggest plesiomorphic similarities with the outgroup Adocus spp. A phylogenetic analysis using Adocus spp. as the outgroup suggests that Nanhsiungchelys spp. and Anomalochelys angulata form a monophyletic group at the base of Nanhsiungchelyidae. However, this phylogenetic result is not conclusive, as Nanhsiungchelys spp. is found deeply nested within the tree when Sinaspideretes wimani is employed as the outgroup.