<p>Recent progress in computational biology has driven the development of machine learning models for predicting protein post-translational modification sites. However, challenges such as data imbalance and limited sequence-context representation continue to hinder prediction accuracy, particularly for less frequent modifications like succinylation. In this study, we propose RLSuccSite, a reinforcement learning-based framework specifically designed to predict succinylation sites by addressing the class imbalance issue via a dynamic with balanced reward mechanism. To enhance sequence feature representation, this study also introduces Three-Peaks Enhanced Method for Physicochemical Property Scores (TPEM-PPS), a physicochemical property-driven feature extraction method that incorporates position-aware scoring to reflect amino acid contributions more effectively. The code and data of RLSuccSite can be obtained from the website: <a href="https://github.com/Zhangqingchao-Ch/RLSuccSite.git">https://github.com/Zhangqingchao-Ch/RLSuccSite.git</a>.</p><p><b>Scientific contribution </b>This study applies reinforcement learning to protein succinylation sites prediction, introducing a dynamic with balanced reward mechanism that effectively addresses dataset imbalance. Additionally, this study proposes a novel Three-Peaks Enhanced Method for Physicochemical Scoring, which captures residue contributions with higher precision than traditional feature extraction techniques. </p>

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RLSuccSite: succinylation sites prediction based on reinforcement learning dynamic with balanced reward mechanism and three-peaks enhanced method for physicochemical property scores

  • Lun Zhu,
  • Qingchao Zhang,
  • Sen Yang

摘要

Recent progress in computational biology has driven the development of machine learning models for predicting protein post-translational modification sites. However, challenges such as data imbalance and limited sequence-context representation continue to hinder prediction accuracy, particularly for less frequent modifications like succinylation. In this study, we propose RLSuccSite, a reinforcement learning-based framework specifically designed to predict succinylation sites by addressing the class imbalance issue via a dynamic with balanced reward mechanism. To enhance sequence feature representation, this study also introduces Three-Peaks Enhanced Method for Physicochemical Property Scores (TPEM-PPS), a physicochemical property-driven feature extraction method that incorporates position-aware scoring to reflect amino acid contributions more effectively. The code and data of RLSuccSite can be obtained from the website: https://github.com/Zhangqingchao-Ch/RLSuccSite.git.

Scientific contribution This study applies reinforcement learning to protein succinylation sites prediction, introducing a dynamic with balanced reward mechanism that effectively addresses dataset imbalance. Additionally, this study proposes a novel Three-Peaks Enhanced Method for Physicochemical Scoring, which captures residue contributions with higher precision than traditional feature extraction techniques.