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<p>Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are membrane-bound vesicles with a size of less than 200&#xa0;nm, released by cells. Due to their relatively small molecular weight and ability to participate in intercellular communication, sEVs can serve not only as carriers of biomarkers for disease diagnosis but also as effective drug delivery agents. Furthermore, these vesicles are involved in regulating the onset and progression of various diseases, reflecting the physiological and functional states of cells. This paper introduces the classification of extracellular vesicles, with a focus on the extraction and identification of sEVs and their significant role in repair, diagnosis, and intercellular communication. Additionally, the paper addresses the engineering modification of sEVs to provide a reference for enhanced understanding and application.</p>

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Small extracellular vesicles: the origins, current status, future prospects, and applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月17日

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  • Xinyi Zhou,
  • Jin Huang,
  • Dianqi Zhang,
  • Zhenyu Qian,
  • Xin Zuo,
  • Yaoxiang Sun

摘要

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are membrane-bound vesicles with a size of less than 200 nm, released by cells. Due to their relatively small molecular weight and ability to participate in intercellular communication, sEVs can serve not only as carriers of biomarkers for disease diagnosis but also as effective drug delivery agents. Furthermore, these vesicles are involved in regulating the onset and progression of various diseases, reflecting the physiological and functional states of cells. This paper introduces the classification of extracellular vesicles, with a focus on the extraction and identification of sEVs and their significant role in repair, diagnosis, and intercellular communication. Additionally, the paper addresses the engineering modification of sEVs to provide a reference for enhanced understanding and application.