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Background <p>GacA is a regulatory protein that facilitates various metabolic processes in <i>Pseudomonas</i> species, including the two-component system, denitrification, carbon metabolism, and biofilm formation. This protein is crucial for converting short-term infections into chronic ones and for facilitating symbiotic relationships. It regulates the development of biofilms and the maturation of carbon. The GacA mutant showed a significant reduction in growth rate relative to the wild-type A1501. In the study, we examined alterations in gene expression throughout the entire genome of <i>P. stutzeri</i> A1501 at 6 and 8-h time points to provide a comprehensive overview of the growing transcriptome. The proliferation of the strain under investigation was monitored using minimal media.</p> Result <p>The analysis of the transcriptome demonstrated varied expression across several genes. We detected significant changes in the expression levels of <i>narH</i>, <i>narJ</i>, <i>narI</i>, <i>algA,</i> and <i>eda1</i>. Additionally, a confirmation investigation utilizing quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was conducted on nine genes in total. The analytical results exhibited comparable expression patterns consistent with the transcriptome analysis findings. The analysis was conducted on both the wild-type and <i>gacA</i> mutant strains, which were cultured in K-medium. Transcriptome data analysis indicates that the GacA response regulator is implicated in denitrification, carbon metabolism, biofilm formation.</p> Conclusion <p>Transcriptional data shows how <i>gac</i>A gene loss affects downstream genes necessary for extreme survival. Thus, a <i>gac</i>A deficiency disturbs this complex post-transcriptional regulatory cascade, altering gene expression and affecting physiological activities essential for adaptation and survival. It was not reported earlier that a <i>gac</i>A mutation leads to impairment in growth, which has significant implications for carbon metabolism and biofilm formation.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Transcriptional landscape of the gacA mutant in Pseudomonas stutzeri A1501 during growth curve

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月25日

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  • Noureen Rasheed,
  • Xize Ali,
  • Muhammad Umar Shahbaz,
  • Tariq Ali,
  • Muhammad Ali Rasheed

摘要

Background

GacA is a regulatory protein that facilitates various metabolic processes in Pseudomonas species, including the two-component system, denitrification, carbon metabolism, and biofilm formation. This protein is crucial for converting short-term infections into chronic ones and for facilitating symbiotic relationships. It regulates the development of biofilms and the maturation of carbon. The GacA mutant showed a significant reduction in growth rate relative to the wild-type A1501. In the study, we examined alterations in gene expression throughout the entire genome of P. stutzeri A1501 at 6 and 8-h time points to provide a comprehensive overview of the growing transcriptome. The proliferation of the strain under investigation was monitored using minimal media.

Result

The analysis of the transcriptome demonstrated varied expression across several genes. We detected significant changes in the expression levels of narH, narJ, narI, algA, and eda1. Additionally, a confirmation investigation utilizing quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was conducted on nine genes in total. The analytical results exhibited comparable expression patterns consistent with the transcriptome analysis findings. The analysis was conducted on both the wild-type and gacA mutant strains, which were cultured in K-medium. Transcriptome data analysis indicates that the GacA response regulator is implicated in denitrification, carbon metabolism, biofilm formation.

Conclusion

Transcriptional data shows how gacA gene loss affects downstream genes necessary for extreme survival. Thus, a gacA deficiency disturbs this complex post-transcriptional regulatory cascade, altering gene expression and affecting physiological activities essential for adaptation and survival. It was not reported earlier that a gacA mutation leads to impairment in growth, which has significant implications for carbon metabolism and biofilm formation.

Graphical Abstract