Scholarlink

Background <p>Alzheimer’s disease (AD) exhibits sex differences in prevalence, symptoms and risk factors. Understanding the effect of sex in AD cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers and their association with amyloid-beta (Aβ) pathology in preclinical stages have important implications for their use in prevention trials. The objective of this study was to examine sex differences in core AD CSF biomarkers used in early diagnosis and prevention trials, as well as in CSF biomarkers reflecting downstream pathophysiological mechanisms, and in their associations with Aβ pathology&#xa0;as measured by&#xa0;Positron Emission Tomography (PET).</p> Methods <p>Cognitively Unimpaired (CU) participants from the ALFA + (N = 400) and the WRAP/WADRC (N = 548) cohorts were included in the study. CSF biomarkers for core AD pathology (Aβ42, Aβ42/40, p-tau181/Aβ42, p-tau181, p-tau217 and p-tau231), neurodegeneration (NfL, t-tau), synaptic dysfunction (neurogranin, GAP-43, SNAP25, synaptotagmin-1, α-synuclein), glial reactivity (GFAP, S100B, sTREM2, YKL-40), neuroinflammation (IL-6, MCP-1), and vascular dysregulation (sICAM-1, sVCAM-1) were measured. Participants underwent Aβ PET at baseline and follow-up visit. We used Analyses of Covariance (ANCOVA) to evaluate sex differences in CSF biomarker levels and performed sex-stratified Receiver-Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses to test their performance to identify Aβ PET-positive individuals. Additionally, we run linear regression models to study the modifying effect of sex on the association of baseline CSF biomarkers with cross-sectional and longitudinal Aβ PET uptake.</p> Results <p>Men had higher CSF NfL, glial reactivity and vascular dysregulation biomarkers (Cohen’s <i>d</i> ranging from -0.22 to -0.44, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), and lower synaptic biomarkers (Cohen’s <i>d</i> ranging from 0.18 to 0.30, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) compared to women&#xa0;at baseline<b>.</b> There were no sex differences in the core AD CSF biomarkers’ performance to identify Aβ PET-positive individuals (DeLong's test <i>P</i> values &gt; 0.05), with CSF&#xa0;p-tau181/Aβ42 and p-tau217 showing the highest performance in both sexes (Areas Under the Curve (AUCs) ranging from 87.1 to 96.3). However, sex modified the associations of baseline CSF biomarkers with Aβ PET uptake, which were more pronounced in women than in men.</p> Conclusions <p>Our results suggest that tailoring core AD CSF biomarkers by sex is not necessary for detecting Aβ&#xa0;PET&#xa0;positivity in CU individuals. However, sex differences in their association with Aβ deposition could influence their prognostic or monitoring applications.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Sex differences in Alzheimer’s disease CSF biomarkers and their association with Aβ pathology on PET in cognitively unimpaired individuals

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月30日

查看全文
  • Marta Milà-Alomà,
  • Carol Van Hulle,
  • Anna Brugulat-Serrat,
  • Margot Casals Brodú,
  • Armand González-Escalante,
  • Gonzalo Sánchez-Benavides,
  • Mahnaz Shekari,
  • Laura Castro-Aldrete,
  • Carolina Minguillón,
  • Julie Novakova Martinkova,
  • Maria Carmela Tartaglia,
  • Clara Quijano-Rubio,
  • Gwendlyn Kollmorgen,
  • Annemarie Schumacher Dimech,
  • Davide Cirillo,
  • Frances-Catherine Quevenco,
  • M. Florencia Iulita,
  • Karine Fauria,
  • Juan Domingo Gispert,
  • Maria Teresa Ferretti,
  • Antonella Santuccione Chadha,
  • Sterling C. Johnson,
  • Marc Suárez-Calvet,
  • Annabella Beteta,
  • Raffaele Cacciaglia,
  • Alba Cañas,
  • Carme Deulofeu,
  • Ruth Dominguez,
  • Maria Emilio,
  • Ana Fernández-Arcos,
  • Sherezade Fuentes,
  • Patricia Genius,
  • Oriol Grau-Rivera,
  • Laura Hernández,
  • Gema Huesa,
  • Jordi Huguet,
  • Paula Marne,
  • Wiesje Pelkmans,
  • Albina Polo,
  • Sandra Pradas,
  • Blanca Rodríguez-Fernández,
  • Anna Soteras,
  • Laura Stankeviciute,
  • Marc Vilanova,
  • Natalia Vilor-Tejedor

摘要

Background

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) exhibits sex differences in prevalence, symptoms and risk factors. Understanding the effect of sex in AD cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers and their association with amyloid-beta (Aβ) pathology in preclinical stages have important implications for their use in prevention trials. The objective of this study was to examine sex differences in core AD CSF biomarkers used in early diagnosis and prevention trials, as well as in CSF biomarkers reflecting downstream pathophysiological mechanisms, and in their associations with Aβ pathology as measured by Positron Emission Tomography (PET).

Methods

Cognitively Unimpaired (CU) participants from the ALFA + (N = 400) and the WRAP/WADRC (N = 548) cohorts were included in the study. CSF biomarkers for core AD pathology (Aβ42, Aβ42/40, p-tau181/Aβ42, p-tau181, p-tau217 and p-tau231), neurodegeneration (NfL, t-tau), synaptic dysfunction (neurogranin, GAP-43, SNAP25, synaptotagmin-1, α-synuclein), glial reactivity (GFAP, S100B, sTREM2, YKL-40), neuroinflammation (IL-6, MCP-1), and vascular dysregulation (sICAM-1, sVCAM-1) were measured. Participants underwent Aβ PET at baseline and follow-up visit. We used Analyses of Covariance (ANCOVA) to evaluate sex differences in CSF biomarker levels and performed sex-stratified Receiver-Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses to test their performance to identify Aβ PET-positive individuals. Additionally, we run linear regression models to study the modifying effect of sex on the association of baseline CSF biomarkers with cross-sectional and longitudinal Aβ PET uptake.

Results

Men had higher CSF NfL, glial reactivity and vascular dysregulation biomarkers (Cohen’s d ranging from -0.22 to -0.44, P < 0.05), and lower synaptic biomarkers (Cohen’s d ranging from 0.18 to 0.30, P < 0.05) compared to women at baseline. There were no sex differences in the core AD CSF biomarkers’ performance to identify Aβ PET-positive individuals (DeLong's test P values > 0.05), with CSF p-tau181/Aβ42 and p-tau217 showing the highest performance in both sexes (Areas Under the Curve (AUCs) ranging from 87.1 to 96.3). However, sex modified the associations of baseline CSF biomarkers with Aβ PET uptake, which were more pronounced in women than in men.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that tailoring core AD CSF biomarkers by sex is not necessary for detecting Aβ PET positivity in CU individuals. However, sex differences in their association with Aβ deposition could influence their prognostic or monitoring applications.