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Background <p>Shigellosis is a significant public health issue in developing countries, particularly affecting young children under the age of five. While it primarily causes gastrointestinal infections, there are rare complications, such as bacteremia, that mainly occur in young children. We present a case of dysentery caused by <i>Shigella flexneri</i> serotype 1c, followed by bacteremia.</p> Case presentation <p>A 13-month-old Afghan child presented with fever, dysentery, distended abdomen, mild tenderness, and dehydration. He did not respond to empirical treatment with ceftriaxone. However, he was successfully treated with a combination of gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. This is the first report of a patient in Iran who was positive for <i>S. flexneri</i> serotype 1c and harbored the <i>ipaB</i>, <i>ipaC</i>, <i>ipaD</i>, <i>ipaH</i>, <i>ipgD</i>, <i>virA</i>, and <i>sen</i> virulence factors.</p> Conclusions <p>This case alerts clinicians to consider the possibility of <i>Shigella</i> bacteremia in young children. Early and accurate diagnosis can improve management and prognosis to reduce the risk of fatality outcomes. Additionally, it emphasizes the need to characterize the role of <i>Shigella</i> spp. virulence genes in causing bacteremia.</p>

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Shigella flexneri 1c bacteremia in a child: a case report

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月14日

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  • Mehrzad Sadredinamin,
  • Zohreh Ghalavand,
  • Maryam Rostamyan,
  • Raana Kazemzadeh Anari,
  • Seyyed Mohammadreza Hosseini Imeni,
  • Bahram Nikmanesh

摘要

Background

Shigellosis is a significant public health issue in developing countries, particularly affecting young children under the age of five. While it primarily causes gastrointestinal infections, there are rare complications, such as bacteremia, that mainly occur in young children. We present a case of dysentery caused by Shigella flexneri serotype 1c, followed by bacteremia.

Case presentation

A 13-month-old Afghan child presented with fever, dysentery, distended abdomen, mild tenderness, and dehydration. He did not respond to empirical treatment with ceftriaxone. However, he was successfully treated with a combination of gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. This is the first report of a patient in Iran who was positive for S. flexneri serotype 1c and harbored the ipaB, ipaC, ipaD, ipaH, ipgD, virA, and sen virulence factors.

Conclusions

This case alerts clinicians to consider the possibility of Shigella bacteremia in young children. Early and accurate diagnosis can improve management and prognosis to reduce the risk of fatality outcomes. Additionally, it emphasizes the need to characterize the role of Shigella spp. virulence genes in causing bacteremia.