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Objective <p>To identify serum biomarkers associated with the development of uveitis in a German juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) cohort.</p> Methods <p>A convenience sample, enriched for uveitis cases, was drawn from a prospectively followed inception cohort of newly diagnosed JIA patients (ICON). Baseline serum samples were biobanked, and each was tested for conventional and novel autoantibodies using multi-analyte array technologies. Associations between uveitis occurrence, disease outcomes, and autoantibody profiles were examined.</p> Results <p>Fifty-two patients with and 141 patients without uveitis were included in the analyses. At first uveitis documentation, 26% of patients presented with uveitis-related complications. Younger age at JIA diagnosis, higher ANA titers (median [IQR]: 960 [240–5120] vs. 160 [0-640]; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and the Anti-Cell (AC-30) immunofluorescence (IIF) staining pattern (63.5% vs. 23.4%; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) were significantly associated with the presence of uveitis, but not with uveitis-related complications. In contrast, the AC-4 IIF staining pattern was more often present in children without uveitis. In addition, patients with uveitis showed significantly higher prefoldin subunit 5 (PFDN5) antibody titers compared to non-uveitis JIA patients (mean ± SD; 486.39 ± 495.85 vs. 321.85 ± 330.36; <i>p</i> = 0.010). Other tested autoantibodies, including anti-histone antibodies, were rare in both groups and did not differ significantly.</p> Conclusions <p>High ANA titers, the AC-30 ANA indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) pattern, and younger age at JIA onset are significantly associated with uveitis in JIA. Anti-PFDN5 antibodies show potential as a novel biomarker for JIA-associated uveitis. Combining these serological markers with clinical risk factors may improve early identification of high-risk patients and support the development of better tailored screening strategies to prevent vision-threatening complications.</p>

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Serological biomarkers of JIA-associated uveitis: ANA titers, ANA AC-30 staining pattern and prefoldin 5 antibodies

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月26日

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  • Heinrike Schmeling,
  • Jens Klotsche,
  • Babatope O. Adebiyi,
  • Frank Dressler,
  • Dirk Foell,
  • Ivan Foeldvari,
  • Johannes-Peter Haas,
  • Arnd Heiligenhaus,
  • Gerd Horneff,
  • Anton Hospach,
  • Tilmann Kallinich,
  • Jasmin Kuemmerle-Deschner,
  • Kirsten Moenkemoeller,
  • Prasad T. Oommen,
  • Christiane Reiser,
  • Frank Weller-Heinemann,
  • Daniel Windschall,
  • Marvin J. Fritzler,
  • Kirsten Minden

摘要

Objective

To identify serum biomarkers associated with the development of uveitis in a German juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) cohort.

Methods

A convenience sample, enriched for uveitis cases, was drawn from a prospectively followed inception cohort of newly diagnosed JIA patients (ICON). Baseline serum samples were biobanked, and each was tested for conventional and novel autoantibodies using multi-analyte array technologies. Associations between uveitis occurrence, disease outcomes, and autoantibody profiles were examined.

Results

Fifty-two patients with and 141 patients without uveitis were included in the analyses. At first uveitis documentation, 26% of patients presented with uveitis-related complications. Younger age at JIA diagnosis, higher ANA titers (median [IQR]: 960 [240–5120] vs. 160 [0-640]; p < 0.001), and the Anti-Cell (AC-30) immunofluorescence (IIF) staining pattern (63.5% vs. 23.4%; p < 0.001) were significantly associated with the presence of uveitis, but not with uveitis-related complications. In contrast, the AC-4 IIF staining pattern was more often present in children without uveitis. In addition, patients with uveitis showed significantly higher prefoldin subunit 5 (PFDN5) antibody titers compared to non-uveitis JIA patients (mean ± SD; 486.39 ± 495.85 vs. 321.85 ± 330.36; p = 0.010). Other tested autoantibodies, including anti-histone antibodies, were rare in both groups and did not differ significantly.

Conclusions

High ANA titers, the AC-30 ANA indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) pattern, and younger age at JIA onset are significantly associated with uveitis in JIA. Anti-PFDN5 antibodies show potential as a novel biomarker for JIA-associated uveitis. Combining these serological markers with clinical risk factors may improve early identification of high-risk patients and support the development of better tailored screening strategies to prevent vision-threatening complications.