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Background <p>Larval source management remains a potentially important supplementary strategy for malaria vector control, particularly in irrigated agroecosystems, where mosquito breeding habitats are relatively stable and predictable. This study evaluated the operational effectiveness of a novaluron-based larvicide tablet (MOSQINOk<sup>®</sup> 0.8P) for reducing mosquito larval and adult densities in irrigated rice-growing communities in The Gambia.</p> Methods <p>A quasi-experimental controlled field study was conducted between September and December 2025 in two irrigated rice-growing communities in the Central River Region of The Gambia. Janjangbureh was assigned as the intervention site and Sankuli Kunda as the untreated control. Larval habitats were monitored weekly, while adult mosquitoes were collected biweekly using CDC light traps. Difference-in-differences analyses using negative binomial generalized estimating equation models were used to estimate intervention effects.</p> Results <p>MOSQINOk<sup>®</sup> application was associated with a significant reduction in total larval density per dip (IRR = 0.459, 95% CI 0.216–0.974; <i>p</i> = 0.042), corresponding to an estimated 54.1% reduction relative to the control site. Late instar larval densities also declined in the intervention arm (IRR = 0.485, 95% CI 0.186–1.260), although this was not statistically significant. Pupae were nearly absent in treated habitats following larvicide application. Adult <i>Anopheles</i> densities also declined in the intervention arm, with difference-in-differences models showing reductions in overall adult <i>Anopheles</i> (IRR = 0.385, 95% CI 0.121–1.225), <i>Anopheles gambiae</i> s.l. (IRR = 0.316, 95% CI 0.098–1.014), and <i>Anopheles funestus</i> (IRR = 0.443, 95% CI 0.107–1.834).</p> Conclusions <p>These findings provide preliminary evidence that MOSQINOk<sup>®</sup> 0.8P can contribute to suppression of mosquito larval populations and may reduce adult vector densities in irrigated rice agroecosystems. Larger and longer-term studies are warranted to confirm effectiveness and scalability.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Field evaluation of a novaluron-based larvicide tablet (MOSQINOk® 0.8P) in irrigated rice agroecosystems of The Gambia: a controlled quasi-experimental study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月1日

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  • Ebrima A. Jawara,
  • Momodou T. Nyassi,
  • Sainey Sanneh,
  • Wandifa Samateh,
  • Balla Gibba,
  • Samuel S. Gomez,
  • Harouna M. Soumare,
  • Abu Imroz Ali,
  • Shakir Al-Zaidi

摘要

Background

Larval source management remains a potentially important supplementary strategy for malaria vector control, particularly in irrigated agroecosystems, where mosquito breeding habitats are relatively stable and predictable. This study evaluated the operational effectiveness of a novaluron-based larvicide tablet (MOSQINOk® 0.8P) for reducing mosquito larval and adult densities in irrigated rice-growing communities in The Gambia.

Methods

A quasi-experimental controlled field study was conducted between September and December 2025 in two irrigated rice-growing communities in the Central River Region of The Gambia. Janjangbureh was assigned as the intervention site and Sankuli Kunda as the untreated control. Larval habitats were monitored weekly, while adult mosquitoes were collected biweekly using CDC light traps. Difference-in-differences analyses using negative binomial generalized estimating equation models were used to estimate intervention effects.

Results

MOSQINOk® application was associated with a significant reduction in total larval density per dip (IRR = 0.459, 95% CI 0.216–0.974; p = 0.042), corresponding to an estimated 54.1% reduction relative to the control site. Late instar larval densities also declined in the intervention arm (IRR = 0.485, 95% CI 0.186–1.260), although this was not statistically significant. Pupae were nearly absent in treated habitats following larvicide application. Adult Anopheles densities also declined in the intervention arm, with difference-in-differences models showing reductions in overall adult Anopheles (IRR = 0.385, 95% CI 0.121–1.225), Anopheles gambiae s.l. (IRR = 0.316, 95% CI 0.098–1.014), and Anopheles funestus (IRR = 0.443, 95% CI 0.107–1.834).

Conclusions

These findings provide preliminary evidence that MOSQINOk® 0.8P can contribute to suppression of mosquito larval populations and may reduce adult vector densities in irrigated rice agroecosystems. Larger and longer-term studies are warranted to confirm effectiveness and scalability.

Graphical Abstract