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Background <p>Chagas disease (CD) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL) are two important zoonotic diseases that present significant public health challenges in Latin America. Domestic dogs, due to their close contact with humans, serve as key reservoirs for both <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> (the causative agent of CD) and <i>Leishmania infantum</i> (the causative agent of VL), making them important sentinels in disease surveillance. This study, conducted as part of the Oxente Chagas Bahia Project, aimed to assess the seroprevalence of anti-<i>T. cruzi</i> and anti-<i>L. infantum</i> antibodies in domestic dogs from Tremedal, Bahia, Brazil.</p> Methods <p>Serum samples from 17 dogs were analyzed using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (using recombinant antigens (IBMP-8.1, IBMP-8.2, IBMP-8.3, IBMP-8.4) for <i>T. cruzi</i> and the TR DPP® rapid test and ELISA for <i>L. infantum</i>.</p> Results <p>The results showed that 5.9% (1/17) of the dogs tested were seropositive for <i>T. cruzi</i>, indicating the presence of the parasite in the region. Similarly, 5.9% (1/17) of the dogs were confirmed to be positive for <i>L. infantum</i> by ELISA, although the results of the TR DPP® test initially suggested a higher prevalence (41.2%), highlighting the risk of false-positive results.</p> Conclusions <p>These findings underscore the critical role of dogs in CD and VL surveillance, given their involvement in both domestic and peridomestic transmission cycles. The study also emphasizes the need for confirmatory testing to ensure diagnostic accuracy, which will contribute to more effective disease control strategies in endemic areas. This work highlights the importance of a One Health approach in which human and animal health are closely monitored to mitigate the transmission of zoonotic diseases.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Prevalence of anti-Trypanosoma cruzi and anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies in domestic dogs from Tremedal, Bahia: insights from the Oxente Chagas Bahia Project

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月21日

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  • Tycha Bianca Sabaini Pavan,
  • Larissa Carvalho Medrado Vasconcelos,
  • Isabela Machado Serrano,
  • Denis Augusto Argolo Campos,
  • Ângelo Antônio Oliveira Silva,
  • Randrin Queiroz Viana Ferreira,
  • Daniel Dias Sampaio,
  • Isadora Cristina de Siqueira,
  • Fred Luciano Neves Santos

摘要

Background

Chagas disease (CD) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL) are two important zoonotic diseases that present significant public health challenges in Latin America. Domestic dogs, due to their close contact with humans, serve as key reservoirs for both Trypanosoma cruzi (the causative agent of CD) and Leishmania infantum (the causative agent of VL), making them important sentinels in disease surveillance. This study, conducted as part of the Oxente Chagas Bahia Project, aimed to assess the seroprevalence of anti-T. cruzi and anti-L. infantum antibodies in domestic dogs from Tremedal, Bahia, Brazil.

Methods

Serum samples from 17 dogs were analyzed using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (using recombinant antigens (IBMP-8.1, IBMP-8.2, IBMP-8.3, IBMP-8.4) for T. cruzi and the TR DPP® rapid test and ELISA for L. infantum.

Results

The results showed that 5.9% (1/17) of the dogs tested were seropositive for T. cruzi, indicating the presence of the parasite in the region. Similarly, 5.9% (1/17) of the dogs were confirmed to be positive for L. infantum by ELISA, although the results of the TR DPP® test initially suggested a higher prevalence (41.2%), highlighting the risk of false-positive results.

Conclusions

These findings underscore the critical role of dogs in CD and VL surveillance, given their involvement in both domestic and peridomestic transmission cycles. The study also emphasizes the need for confirmatory testing to ensure diagnostic accuracy, which will contribute to more effective disease control strategies in endemic areas. This work highlights the importance of a One Health approach in which human and animal health are closely monitored to mitigate the transmission of zoonotic diseases.

Graphical Abstract