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Background <p><i>Aristolochia fimbriata</i> (<i>A. fimbriata</i>), a magnoliid species similar to <i>Amborella trichopoda</i>, has not undergone additional whole genome duplications since the origin of extant flowering plants. Due to its low genetic redundancy and suitability for large-scale cultivation, <i>A</i>. <i>fimbriata</i> emerges as an exceptional reference and potential model species for comparative and functional genomic studies of angiosperm evolution.</p> Results <p>Here, we present a complete telomere-to-telomere (T2T) genome assembly of <i>A. fimbriata</i> and characterize its centromeric architecture and epigenetic landscape. Our analysis reveals remarkably short (34-bp) and highly homogenized satellite monomers in its centromeric regions. Furthermore, we identify approximately 1,020 topologically associating domain-like structures and 23,852 non-redundant accessible chromatin regions. Notably, over 50% of accessible chromatin regions participate in long-range chromatin loops that bypass at least one intervening gene, suggesting widespread distal gene regulation in this species. We also demonstrate that an expanded downstream regulatory network of the floral B-class gene <i>APETALA3</i> (<i>AP3</i>) may contribute to the highly specialized floral features in <i>A. fimbriata.</i></p> Conclusion <p>Our study not only elucidates the unique centromeric organization and three-dimensional epigenomic architecture of <i>A. fimbriata</i>, but also provides valuable genomic resources for investigating how regulatory network evolution drives phenotypic innovation in flowering plants.</p>

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Centromere organization and epigenetic regulation in Aristolochia fimbriata

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月27日

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  • Kunpeng Li,
  • Jie Li,
  • Ran Zhao,
  • Liuyu Qin,
  • Yu Wang,
  • Jieling Ren,
  • Lei Ke,
  • Jianyu Wang,
  • Xin Yi,
  • Yue Zhou,
  • Yuannian Jiao

摘要

Background

Aristolochia fimbriata (A. fimbriata), a magnoliid species similar to Amborella trichopoda, has not undergone additional whole genome duplications since the origin of extant flowering plants. Due to its low genetic redundancy and suitability for large-scale cultivation, A. fimbriata emerges as an exceptional reference and potential model species for comparative and functional genomic studies of angiosperm evolution.

Results

Here, we present a complete telomere-to-telomere (T2T) genome assembly of A. fimbriata and characterize its centromeric architecture and epigenetic landscape. Our analysis reveals remarkably short (34-bp) and highly homogenized satellite monomers in its centromeric regions. Furthermore, we identify approximately 1,020 topologically associating domain-like structures and 23,852 non-redundant accessible chromatin regions. Notably, over 50% of accessible chromatin regions participate in long-range chromatin loops that bypass at least one intervening gene, suggesting widespread distal gene regulation in this species. We also demonstrate that an expanded downstream regulatory network of the floral B-class gene APETALA3 (AP3) may contribute to the highly specialized floral features in A. fimbriata.

Conclusion

Our study not only elucidates the unique centromeric organization and three-dimensional epigenomic architecture of A. fimbriata, but also provides valuable genomic resources for investigating how regulatory network evolution drives phenotypic innovation in flowering plants.