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Background <p>Video-based telemedicine can improve prehospital triage. However, it is unclear which portable device enabling a real-time specialist consultation via two-way video and audio connection in dynamic emergency medical service environments should be used. This feasibility study identified the most suitable portable telemedicine device for prehospital triage.</p> Methods <p>Four simulated stroke-like scenarios were conducted with ambulance professionals and remote vascular neurologists. Three portable telemedicine devices were tested: two head-mounted assisted-reality devices (RealWear Navigator ™ 520, Vuzix M400) and a smartphone using Siilo Messenger application. Feasibility was evaluated through structured surveys from both user groups and a patient actor. Quantitative data were analysed using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis with stakeholder-derived criterion weights to generate overall value scores and device ranking.</p> Results <p>Out of 47 analysed surveys, the Vuzix head-mounted device achieved the highest overall value score (0.80), followed by Siilo Messenger smartphone application (0.77) and RealWear head-mounted device (0.73). Ambulance professionals prioritised usability, favouring the smartphone application, whereas neurologists emphasised video quality, favouring Vuzix head-mounted device. Qualitative feedback highlighted trade-offs: head-mounted devices offered hands-free use but required peripherals and hindered patient interaction, while smartphones were intuitive but limited by video quality and image stability.</p> Conclusions <p>Device suitability for prehospital telemedicine depends on balancing technical performance with usability. The smartphone-based application provides practical solution for early implementation, while head-mounted devices may be preferable when hands-free operation and video quality are critical. Future research should assess their clinical and operational impact to enable safe and scalable implementation.</p>

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Feasibility of portable telemedicine devices for ambulance-based prehospital triage: a comparative simulation study

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月23日

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  • Sophia L. Kingma,
  • Robert Croese,
  • Marcel Durieux,
  • Jan Bosch,
  • Matthijs de Visser,
  • Sandra Timmermans,
  • Loet M. H. Kloos,
  • Els L. L. M. de Schryver,
  • Nyika D. Kruyt,
  • Geert H. Groeneveld

摘要

Background

Video-based telemedicine can improve prehospital triage. However, it is unclear which portable device enabling a real-time specialist consultation via two-way video and audio connection in dynamic emergency medical service environments should be used. This feasibility study identified the most suitable portable telemedicine device for prehospital triage.

Methods

Four simulated stroke-like scenarios were conducted with ambulance professionals and remote vascular neurologists. Three portable telemedicine devices were tested: two head-mounted assisted-reality devices (RealWear Navigator ™ 520, Vuzix M400) and a smartphone using Siilo Messenger application. Feasibility was evaluated through structured surveys from both user groups and a patient actor. Quantitative data were analysed using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis with stakeholder-derived criterion weights to generate overall value scores and device ranking.

Results

Out of 47 analysed surveys, the Vuzix head-mounted device achieved the highest overall value score (0.80), followed by Siilo Messenger smartphone application (0.77) and RealWear head-mounted device (0.73). Ambulance professionals prioritised usability, favouring the smartphone application, whereas neurologists emphasised video quality, favouring Vuzix head-mounted device. Qualitative feedback highlighted trade-offs: head-mounted devices offered hands-free use but required peripherals and hindered patient interaction, while smartphones were intuitive but limited by video quality and image stability.

Conclusions

Device suitability for prehospital telemedicine depends on balancing technical performance with usability. The smartphone-based application provides practical solution for early implementation, while head-mounted devices may be preferable when hands-free operation and video quality are critical. Future research should assess their clinical and operational impact to enable safe and scalable implementation.