Background <p>This paper explores key factors influencing individuals’ resilience upon experiencing drug use disorder and the barriers to resilience that they face, based on insights from drug treatment and rehabilitation programmes implemented in Malaysia. Despite continuous efforts, drug use disorder remains a persistent issue linked to broader social and security concerns.</p> Method <p>A qualitative case study approach was employed, involving four Cure and Care 1Malaysia (C&amp;C1M) clinics across Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 37 participants, including both clients and service providers, were involved in this study. Data were analysed using thematic analysis with the support of NVivo software.</p> Findings <p>The findings indicate that participants’ resilience is shaped through treatment and rehabilitation process. Two key factors were identified: (1) the guidance, support, and trust that clients receive during recovery; and (2) the need for post-treatment programme enhancement. Whereas, the barriers to resilience consist of (1) individuals’ self-reliance and (2) limited institutional support. Therefore, this paper argues that it is important to enhance the resilience of individuals who have the experience of being involved in drug use disorder. This can be done by: (1) emphasising aftercare services; (2) empowering clients; and (3) strengthening policy implementation, monitoring, and evaluation. The findings offer important implications for improving drug treatment policies and strengthening long-term recovery strategies.</p> Conclusion <p>This study highlights the importance of strengthening resilience as part of recovery efforts. Sustained recovery requires continuous support beyond institutional settings, through the involvement of multiple stakeholders.</p>