A systematic review protocol of qualitative studies on lived experiences of stigmatization in men with eating disorders
摘要
Eating disorders affect men across all ages, ethnicities, sexual orientations, and socioeconomic backgrounds, yet remain significantly underdiagnosed and undertreated in male populations. Men with eating disorders face multiple layers of stigmatization including general mental health stigma, eating disorder-specific stigma, and gender-related stigma from the perception of eating disorders as “female” conditions. This intersectional stigmatization creates unique barriers to help-seeking, treatment engagement, and recovery. Despite growing recognition of eating disorders in men, no systematic synthesis exists of qualitative evidence examining their lived experiences of stigmatization.
ObjectivesThis systematic review protocol aims to synthesize qualitative evidence on the lived experiences of stigmatization among men with eating disorders, examining manifestations across different contexts, impacts on help-seeking and recovery, and coping strategies employed to navigate stigmatizing experiences.
MethodsFollowing PRISMA-P guidelines, we will search nine databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, Anthropology Plus, and Sociological Abstracts) from database inception to December 2025, the cut-off corresponding to the most recent complete calendar year prior to protocol finalization and search execution. The PICo framework guides eligibility criteria focusing on men with lived experience of eating disorders, their experiences of stigmatization across various contexts. Covidence will facilitate study screening and selection. Quality assessment will employ the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) qualitative checklist. Thematic synthesis and meta-ethnographic approaches will analyze extracted data, with CERQual assessing confidence in synthesized findings.
DiscussionThis protocol establishes methodology for the first systematic synthesis of qualitative evidence on stigmatization experiences among men with eating disorders. Findings will illuminate the complex interplay of gender, mental health, and eating disorder stigmas. By consolidating fragmented qualitative evidence, the synthesis is intended to inform, rather than directly produce, subsequent intervention development, clinical training, and awareness initiatives aimed at improving recognition, treatment access, and outcomes for men experiencing eating disorders.