Scholarlink

Background <p>As people living with HIV (PLHIV) experience longer survival globally, including in Zambia, the widespread adoption of dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) as the preferred first-line regimen has been accompanied by growing recognition of metabolic complications such as prediabetes as an emerging public health concern. However, evidence on the burden and determinants of prediabetes within routine HIV care settings in sub-Saharan Africa, including Zambia, remains limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of prediabetes and its associated factors among adults receiving dolutegravir-based ART at Livingstone University Teaching Hospital to inform early screening, prevention, and integration of metabolic disease management into HIV care.</p> Methods <p>We conducted a cross-sectional study between 20 November 2025 and 19 December 2025 using secondary data from adults (≥ 18 years) receiving dolutegravir-based ART at Livingstone University Teaching Hospital, Zambia. Sociodemographic, behavioral, clinical, and laboratory variables were abstracted from medical records. Prediabetes was defined as fasting glucose 5.6–6.9 mmol/L. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with prediabetes, and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported.</p> Results <p>Among 322 participants (median age 47 years; 63.3% female), the prevalence of prediabetes was 17.7% (95% CI: 13.7–22.3). Higher BMI (aOR: 1.09, 95% CI 1.01–1.17; <i>p</i> = 0.014) and total cholesterol (aOR :1.69, 95% CI 1.11–2.58; <i>p</i> = 0.014) were independently associated with prediabetes. Age, sex, smoking, and alcohol use were not significantly associated, while physical activity showed a borderline association (aOR: 1.79, 95% CI 0.91–3.52; <i>p</i> = 0.089).</p> Conclusion <p>Nearly one in five adults living with HIV receiving dolutegravir-based ART had prediabetes. Higher BMI and total cholesterol were key correlates. Integrating routine fasting glucose monitoring alongside targeted lifestyle counseling may support earlier detection and prevention of diabetes progression. Prospective studies are needed to confirm causality and assess long-term outcomes.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Prevalence and associated factors of prediabetes among adults living with HIV receiving dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy in Zambia

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月24日

查看全文
  • Lukundo Siame,
  • Chilufya Nalomba,
  • Michelo H. Miyoba,
  • Nema Siame,
  • Kalusambu Mandumbwa,
  • Martin Chakulya,
  • Chileleko Siakabanze,
  • Emmanuel L. Luwaya,
  • Situmbeko Liweleya,
  • Chitalu Chanda,
  • Sepiso K. Masenga,
  • Benson M. Hamooya

摘要

Background

As people living with HIV (PLHIV) experience longer survival globally, including in Zambia, the widespread adoption of dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) as the preferred first-line regimen has been accompanied by growing recognition of metabolic complications such as prediabetes as an emerging public health concern. However, evidence on the burden and determinants of prediabetes within routine HIV care settings in sub-Saharan Africa, including Zambia, remains limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of prediabetes and its associated factors among adults receiving dolutegravir-based ART at Livingstone University Teaching Hospital to inform early screening, prevention, and integration of metabolic disease management into HIV care.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study between 20 November 2025 and 19 December 2025 using secondary data from adults (≥ 18 years) receiving dolutegravir-based ART at Livingstone University Teaching Hospital, Zambia. Sociodemographic, behavioral, clinical, and laboratory variables were abstracted from medical records. Prediabetes was defined as fasting glucose 5.6–6.9 mmol/L. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with prediabetes, and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported.

Results

Among 322 participants (median age 47 years; 63.3% female), the prevalence of prediabetes was 17.7% (95% CI: 13.7–22.3). Higher BMI (aOR: 1.09, 95% CI 1.01–1.17; p = 0.014) and total cholesterol (aOR :1.69, 95% CI 1.11–2.58; p = 0.014) were independently associated with prediabetes. Age, sex, smoking, and alcohol use were not significantly associated, while physical activity showed a borderline association (aOR: 1.79, 95% CI 0.91–3.52; p = 0.089).

Conclusion

Nearly one in five adults living with HIV receiving dolutegravir-based ART had prediabetes. Higher BMI and total cholesterol were key correlates. Integrating routine fasting glucose monitoring alongside targeted lifestyle counseling may support earlier detection and prevention of diabetes progression. Prospective studies are needed to confirm causality and assess long-term outcomes.