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Introduction <p>Integrating physical activity into community-based primary care offers a promising, low-cost strategy for mental health promotion in resource-limited settings. In Indonesia, Posyandu represents a trusted and scalable platform, yet theoretically grounded and culturally embedded implementation models remain scarce.</p> Aim <p>To co-create and theoretically operationalize a culturally grounded, Posyandu-integrated framework for community mental health promotion through structured physical activity.</p> Methods <p>A six-month participatory ethnography was conducted across six mental health Posyandu in urban and semi-urban Indonesia (January–June 2025). Data were generated through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions with 24 purposively selected participants (community members, cadres, nurses, and health officers). Thematic analysis was conducted following Braun and Clarke’s six-phase approach. The analysis was primarily informed by Social Cognitive Theory, with selected constructs from the Health Belief Model used to interpret behavioural mechanisms.</p> Results <p>Four interrelated themes were identified: (1) perceived psychosocial benefits (emotional regulation, sleep improvement, self-efficacy), (2) structural and gendered participation barriers, (3) peer-mediated behavioral reinforcement, and (4) cultural legitimization processes. Engagement was constrained by time, stigma, and gender norms, while sustained participation was facilitated through peer support and culturally embedded practices.</p> Conclusion <p>This study advances a culturally grounded, Posyandu-integrated framework that translates behavioural theory into actionable community-primary care mechanisms. By embedding structured physical activity into a trusted local platform through co-creation, the framework offers a feasible basis for future adaptation and scale-up in early-stage community mental health promotion within resource-limited settings.</p>

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Participatory ethnography for developing a culturally grounded and Posyandu integrated framework for community mental health promotion through physical activity

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月21日

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  • Qory Tifani Rahmatika,
  • Ronal Surya Aditya,
  • Neni Fidya Santi,
  • Fitriana Kurniasari Solikhah,
  • Muhammad Putra Ramadhan,
  • Achmad Masfi,
  • Nurma Afiani,
  • Nurul Evi,
  • Nadia Rohmatul Laili,
  • Reem Iafi Al Mutairi

摘要

Introduction

Integrating physical activity into community-based primary care offers a promising, low-cost strategy for mental health promotion in resource-limited settings. In Indonesia, Posyandu represents a trusted and scalable platform, yet theoretically grounded and culturally embedded implementation models remain scarce.

Aim

To co-create and theoretically operationalize a culturally grounded, Posyandu-integrated framework for community mental health promotion through structured physical activity.

Methods

A six-month participatory ethnography was conducted across six mental health Posyandu in urban and semi-urban Indonesia (January–June 2025). Data were generated through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions with 24 purposively selected participants (community members, cadres, nurses, and health officers). Thematic analysis was conducted following Braun and Clarke’s six-phase approach. The analysis was primarily informed by Social Cognitive Theory, with selected constructs from the Health Belief Model used to interpret behavioural mechanisms.

Results

Four interrelated themes were identified: (1) perceived psychosocial benefits (emotional regulation, sleep improvement, self-efficacy), (2) structural and gendered participation barriers, (3) peer-mediated behavioral reinforcement, and (4) cultural legitimization processes. Engagement was constrained by time, stigma, and gender norms, while sustained participation was facilitated through peer support and culturally embedded practices.

Conclusion

This study advances a culturally grounded, Posyandu-integrated framework that translates behavioural theory into actionable community-primary care mechanisms. By embedding structured physical activity into a trusted local platform through co-creation, the framework offers a feasible basis for future adaptation and scale-up in early-stage community mental health promotion within resource-limited settings.