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Background <p>Floods are among most frequent hazards in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), affecting millions annually and exacerbating poverty and displacement. Climate change and urbanisation are projected to increase flood vulnerability, yet household preparedness remains understudied. This review synthesises quantitative evidence on flood preparedness among residents of flood-prone areas in SSA. This study describes levels of household flood preparedness, identifies key determinants, and catalogues reported strategies within SSA.</p> Methods <p>We searched PubMed, Scopus, bibliographies, and Google Scholar for English-language quantitative studies published from January 2010 to August 2025. Studies were included if they examined preparedness levels, determinants, or strategies in flood-prone SSA communities. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist assessed quality. Narrative synthesis followed Synthesis Without Meta-analysis guidelines. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251052901).</p> Results <p>Thirteen studies (<i>n</i> = 5842 participants) from Nigeria (<i>n</i> = 6), Ghana (<i>n</i> = 4), Ethiopia (<i>n</i> = 1), Senegal (<i>n</i> = 1), and Cameroon (<i>n</i> = 1) were included. Nine studies reported preparedness prevalence or dichotomisation, with levels consistently low. Higher income (5/5 studies), education (4/4), and home ownership (3/3) were consistently positive determinants; previous flood experience (inconsistent in 4/4) and socio-cultural barriers/over-reliance on institutions (negative in 3/3) were notable. Structural strategies dominated: embankments/sandbags (8/13 studies), raising belongings/plinths (7/13), and drainage improvements (6/13).</p> Conclusion <p>Based on a limited evidence base -with no meta-analysis performed due to substantial heterogeneity-this review consistently identifies low household flood preparedness in SSA, suggesting a need for targeted interventions that address socioeconomic barriers through micro-finance, education, and community-led structural adaptations to enhance resilience.</p>

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Disaster preparedness among residents of flood-prone areas in sub-saharan africa: a systematic review

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月9日

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  • Favour Achi Inyang-Ogim,
  • Simon Alain Inah,
  • Ugbe Maurice-Joel Ugbe,
  • Antor Odu Ndep,
  • John John Etim,
  • Ekpereonne Babatunde Esu,
  • Theresa Mark Awa,
  • Sylvia Anokie Agba,
  • Iferi Ubi Okoi,
  • Archibong Asuquo Edem,
  • Valentine Chukwuka Aguboukwu,
  • Marvin Muji Bisongedam,
  • Micheal Obule Enyam

摘要

Background

Floods are among most frequent hazards in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), affecting millions annually and exacerbating poverty and displacement. Climate change and urbanisation are projected to increase flood vulnerability, yet household preparedness remains understudied. This review synthesises quantitative evidence on flood preparedness among residents of flood-prone areas in SSA. This study describes levels of household flood preparedness, identifies key determinants, and catalogues reported strategies within SSA.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Scopus, bibliographies, and Google Scholar for English-language quantitative studies published from January 2010 to August 2025. Studies were included if they examined preparedness levels, determinants, or strategies in flood-prone SSA communities. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist assessed quality. Narrative synthesis followed Synthesis Without Meta-analysis guidelines. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251052901).

Results

Thirteen studies (n = 5842 participants) from Nigeria (n = 6), Ghana (n = 4), Ethiopia (n = 1), Senegal (n = 1), and Cameroon (n = 1) were included. Nine studies reported preparedness prevalence or dichotomisation, with levels consistently low. Higher income (5/5 studies), education (4/4), and home ownership (3/3) were consistently positive determinants; previous flood experience (inconsistent in 4/4) and socio-cultural barriers/over-reliance on institutions (negative in 3/3) were notable. Structural strategies dominated: embankments/sandbags (8/13 studies), raising belongings/plinths (7/13), and drainage improvements (6/13).

Conclusion

Based on a limited evidence base -with no meta-analysis performed due to substantial heterogeneity-this review consistently identifies low household flood preparedness in SSA, suggesting a need for targeted interventions that address socioeconomic barriers through micro-finance, education, and community-led structural adaptations to enhance resilience.