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<p>Accessibility to healthcare facilities (HCFs) is a critical determinant of public health, particularly in rural areas of developing nations like India, where uneven spatial distribution and geographical inaccessibility exacerbate health disparities. This study evaluates the spatial distribution and accessibility of healthcare facilities (HCFs) in rural part of the Jammu district, J&amp;K, India, using geo-spatial techniques. The findings reveal significant spatial inequalities, with blocks like Khour and Bhalwal showing the lowest accessibility due to fewer HCFs and rugged terrain, while Bishnah and RS Pura exhibited better accessibility. Overall, 32% of villages lie beyond a 20-minute travel time to the nearest HCF, with highest in Bhalwal (76%), Akhnoor (47%), and Satwari (40%). Kernel density analysis identifies significant clustering of HCFs in southern blocks (e.g., Bishnah and RS Pura), while northern blocks (e.g., Khour and Akhnoor) remain underserved due to rugged terrain and fewer facilities. Spatial statistics confirm a highly clustered pattern of HCFs (z-score: -5.515, p-value: 0), driven by topography and socio-political factors. The study recommends upgrading existing Sub Centers (SCs), implementing telemedicine in remote regions, and strategically locating new facilities to reduce travel times. These findings provide actionable insights for policymakers to address inequities in healthcare delivery and improve rural health outcomes using geo-spatial techniques.</p>

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Mapping rural healthcare accessibility in Jammu district India using geospatial techniques

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月5日

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  • Rajender Singh,
  • Gursheen Kour

摘要

Accessibility to healthcare facilities (HCFs) is a critical determinant of public health, particularly in rural areas of developing nations like India, where uneven spatial distribution and geographical inaccessibility exacerbate health disparities. This study evaluates the spatial distribution and accessibility of healthcare facilities (HCFs) in rural part of the Jammu district, J&K, India, using geo-spatial techniques. The findings reveal significant spatial inequalities, with blocks like Khour and Bhalwal showing the lowest accessibility due to fewer HCFs and rugged terrain, while Bishnah and RS Pura exhibited better accessibility. Overall, 32% of villages lie beyond a 20-minute travel time to the nearest HCF, with highest in Bhalwal (76%), Akhnoor (47%), and Satwari (40%). Kernel density analysis identifies significant clustering of HCFs in southern blocks (e.g., Bishnah and RS Pura), while northern blocks (e.g., Khour and Akhnoor) remain underserved due to rugged terrain and fewer facilities. Spatial statistics confirm a highly clustered pattern of HCFs (z-score: -5.515, p-value: 0), driven by topography and socio-political factors. The study recommends upgrading existing Sub Centers (SCs), implementing telemedicine in remote regions, and strategically locating new facilities to reduce travel times. These findings provide actionable insights for policymakers to address inequities in healthcare delivery and improve rural health outcomes using geo-spatial techniques.