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Introduction <p>: Measles, which is highly contagious and vaccine-preventable, is a major public health problem considered to be one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries such as Cameroon. This study aimed to assess the factors associated with the recrudescence of measles cases in the Logbaba health district in Cameroon.</p> Methodology <p>: To carry out this work, we used an analytical case-control study in which data were collected at the community level using a questionnaire administered to parents of children under 5 years of age (<i>n</i> = 306) residing in the district. Factors were established by determining relative and absolute frequencies, and associations were estimated by calculating Odds ratios, confidence intervals, and p-values.</p> Results <p>The results showed that being less than 1 year old [AOR = 2.36 (95% CI 0.3–15); <i>p</i> = 0.027], living in a household of 1 to 3 people [AOR = 7.28 (95% CI 1.12–71.44); <i>p</i> = 0.001], having unemployed parents [AOR = 24.66 (95% CI 3.13–278); <i>p</i> = 0.030], and not having been vaccinated against measles [AOR = 15.55 (95% CI 1.6–69); <i>p</i> = 0.037] were significantly associated with an upsurge in measles cases. In addition, non-compliance with the vaccination schedule [AOR = 13.49 (95% CI 1.44–38.82); <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001], lack of vitamin A supplementation [AOR = 8.18 (95% CI 1.27-38); <i>p</i> = 0.002], attendance at establishments without hand-washing facilities [AOR = 13.4 (95% CI 1.57–25.7); <i>p</i> = 0.017], undernutrition [AOR = 4.02 (95% CI 0.34–11.3); <i>p</i> = 0.0006], and previous contact with a measles patient [AOR = 9.08 (95% CI 1.44–53.3); <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001] also proved to be major predictors of the recrudescence of measles cases in the Logbaba health district.</p> Conclusions <p>This study highlights the factors associated with the recrudescence of measles cases in the Logbaba health district, including children’s age, parent’s employment status, and non-compliance with the immunization schedule. The results underline the importance of targeted interventions, such as raising awareness of vaccination, improving access to nutrition and hygiene, and community-based prevention programs. By understanding these factors, it will be possible to optimize the allocation of public health resources, thereby strengthening efforts to eliminate measles and protect vulnerable populations.</p>

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Recrudescence of measles cases in children under 5 years of age and associated factors in the health district of Logbaba, Cameroon: an unpaired case-control study

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月1日

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  • Florence Irita,
  • Godfroy Rostant Pokam Djoko,
  • Kelly Cynthia Fodom Tchogang,
  • Joseph Raphael Moyo Tachoum,
  • Annick Suzanne Mbazoa Mbou,
  • Paule Dorcas Ngankeu Tooua,
  • Gwladys Kamwa Tchiemou,
  • Vanel Dongpe Zanbou,
  • Monique Amor Yossa

摘要

Introduction

: Measles, which is highly contagious and vaccine-preventable, is a major public health problem considered to be one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries such as Cameroon. This study aimed to assess the factors associated with the recrudescence of measles cases in the Logbaba health district in Cameroon.

Methodology

: To carry out this work, we used an analytical case-control study in which data were collected at the community level using a questionnaire administered to parents of children under 5 years of age (n = 306) residing in the district. Factors were established by determining relative and absolute frequencies, and associations were estimated by calculating Odds ratios, confidence intervals, and p-values.

Results

The results showed that being less than 1 year old [AOR = 2.36 (95% CI 0.3–15); p = 0.027], living in a household of 1 to 3 people [AOR = 7.28 (95% CI 1.12–71.44); p = 0.001], having unemployed parents [AOR = 24.66 (95% CI 3.13–278); p = 0.030], and not having been vaccinated against measles [AOR = 15.55 (95% CI 1.6–69); p = 0.037] were significantly associated with an upsurge in measles cases. In addition, non-compliance with the vaccination schedule [AOR = 13.49 (95% CI 1.44–38.82); p < 0.0001], lack of vitamin A supplementation [AOR = 8.18 (95% CI 1.27-38); p = 0.002], attendance at establishments without hand-washing facilities [AOR = 13.4 (95% CI 1.57–25.7); p = 0.017], undernutrition [AOR = 4.02 (95% CI 0.34–11.3); p = 0.0006], and previous contact with a measles patient [AOR = 9.08 (95% CI 1.44–53.3); p < 0.0001] also proved to be major predictors of the recrudescence of measles cases in the Logbaba health district.

Conclusions

This study highlights the factors associated with the recrudescence of measles cases in the Logbaba health district, including children’s age, parent’s employment status, and non-compliance with the immunization schedule. The results underline the importance of targeted interventions, such as raising awareness of vaccination, improving access to nutrition and hygiene, and community-based prevention programs. By understanding these factors, it will be possible to optimize the allocation of public health resources, thereby strengthening efforts to eliminate measles and protect vulnerable populations.