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Background <p>Elderly individuals face heightened susceptibility to infectious diseases and diminished vaccine responses. Vaccine adjuvants offer a solution. Despite aluminum adjuvant’s long history, its limitations in inducing strong cellular immunity and protecting immunocompromised individuals restrict its application. Building upon our previous development of zinc salt particle-based risedronate (Zn-RS), we systematically investigated the immunoenhancing effects of Zn-RS in aged mice and thoroughly explored the underlying mechanisms responsible for these observations in this study.</p> Results <p>Compared to formulations using aluminum adjuvant, Zn-RS combined with either varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein E (gE) or SARS-CoV-2 monovalent STFK protein (STFK) elicited significantly higher IgG and neutralization titers, as well as superior long-term humoral immunity. Moreover, Zn-RS induced greater quantities of dendritic cells (DCs), antigen-presenting cells (APCs), follicular helper T (T<sub>FH</sub>) cells, Th1/Th2/Th9/Th17 type immune cells, germinal center B cells (GCBs) and plasma cells.</p> Conclusions <p>These findings support Zn-RS as a promising adjuvant candidate for elderly populations, warranting further exploration of its mechanisms and potential applications.</p>

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Immunological enhancement of micro-nanoparticle formulated with risedronate and zinc as vaccine adjuvant in aged mice

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月13日

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  • Yue Liu,
  • Man Yang,
  • Meifeng Nie,
  • Shuyu Wu,
  • Rong Su,
  • Dekui Qiu,
  • Shouneng Lu,
  • Hualong Xiong,
  • Jinlei Zhang,
  • Shengxiang Ge,
  • Quan Yuan,
  • Qinjian Zhao,
  • Tianying Zhang,
  • Yingbin Wang,
  • Ningshao Xia

摘要

Background

Elderly individuals face heightened susceptibility to infectious diseases and diminished vaccine responses. Vaccine adjuvants offer a solution. Despite aluminum adjuvant’s long history, its limitations in inducing strong cellular immunity and protecting immunocompromised individuals restrict its application. Building upon our previous development of zinc salt particle-based risedronate (Zn-RS), we systematically investigated the immunoenhancing effects of Zn-RS in aged mice and thoroughly explored the underlying mechanisms responsible for these observations in this study.

Results

Compared to formulations using aluminum adjuvant, Zn-RS combined with either varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein E (gE) or SARS-CoV-2 monovalent STFK protein (STFK) elicited significantly higher IgG and neutralization titers, as well as superior long-term humoral immunity. Moreover, Zn-RS induced greater quantities of dendritic cells (DCs), antigen-presenting cells (APCs), follicular helper T (TFH) cells, Th1/Th2/Th9/Th17 type immune cells, germinal center B cells (GCBs) and plasma cells.

Conclusions

These findings support Zn-RS as a promising adjuvant candidate for elderly populations, warranting further exploration of its mechanisms and potential applications.