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<p>Microgravity and radiation exposure during spaceflight pose significant health risks to astronauts, including disruption of physiological and neural homeostasis and increased risk of neurodegenerative disorders. Spaceflight induces neuroinflammatory responses, including inflammasome formation, which regulates innate immune signaling following cellular damage. Additionally, reduced neuromuscular activity in microgravity is associated with altered dopamine signaling. However, the direct effect on inflammasome activation and dopaminergic regulation under spaceflight is still poorly understood. In this study, we examined the genes and proteins that are associated with the inflammasome and the dopamine dysregulation associated with inflammation in mice exposed to spaceflight conditions. Mouse brains (C57BL/6J) from Rodent Research 1 (RR1, SpaceX-4) missions were analyzed based on exposure to spaceflight, simulated, and standard conditions for a baseline and control. Brain samples were analyzed for gene expression of inflammasome signaling genes and for mRNA expression to detect alterations under spaceflight conditions. Dopamine analysis was also performed to identify possible changes in major monoamines. This observation indicated that spaceflight conditions were associated with suppressed inflammasome-related gene expression with no statistically observable changes in monoamine concentration. Overall, the data established that spaceflight stressors concurrently dampen neuroinflammatory signaling while altering dopamine regulation in the brain.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Spaceflight suppresses inflammasome signaling and alters dopaminergic regulation in the mouse brain from Rodent Research-1 (RR-1) mission

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月4日

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  • Angel A. Rodriguez,
  • Deepa Roy,
  • Marissa Burke,
  • Mario Gil,
  • Xiao Wen Mao,
  • Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari,
  • Christopher E. Mason,
  • Ginger Milne,
  • Upal Roy

摘要

Microgravity and radiation exposure during spaceflight pose significant health risks to astronauts, including disruption of physiological and neural homeostasis and increased risk of neurodegenerative disorders. Spaceflight induces neuroinflammatory responses, including inflammasome formation, which regulates innate immune signaling following cellular damage. Additionally, reduced neuromuscular activity in microgravity is associated with altered dopamine signaling. However, the direct effect on inflammasome activation and dopaminergic regulation under spaceflight is still poorly understood. In this study, we examined the genes and proteins that are associated with the inflammasome and the dopamine dysregulation associated with inflammation in mice exposed to spaceflight conditions. Mouse brains (C57BL/6J) from Rodent Research 1 (RR1, SpaceX-4) missions were analyzed based on exposure to spaceflight, simulated, and standard conditions for a baseline and control. Brain samples were analyzed for gene expression of inflammasome signaling genes and for mRNA expression to detect alterations under spaceflight conditions. Dopamine analysis was also performed to identify possible changes in major monoamines. This observation indicated that spaceflight conditions were associated with suppressed inflammasome-related gene expression with no statistically observable changes in monoamine concentration. Overall, the data established that spaceflight stressors concurrently dampen neuroinflammatory signaling while altering dopamine regulation in the brain.

Graphical abstract