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Background <p>Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) causes debilitating pain that limits anticancer treatment, yet effective therapies remain limited. Mast cells (MCs) regulate neuroimmune signaling implicated in CIPN, but their receptor-specific contributions remain poorly understood. In mice, oxaliplatin and paclitaxel produce robust mechanical and cold hypersensitivities that mirror CIPN pain. <i>Mas</i>-related G-protein-coupled receptor B2 (MrgprB2) and its human orthologue MrgprX2 are MC-restricted receptors that mediate non-IgE-mediated activation. However, whether MrgprB2 signaling differently contributes to oxaliplatin- versus paclitaxel-induced CIPN pain remains unclear.</p> Methods <p>We employed a comparative mechanistic approach using wild-type (WT) and MrgprB2 knockout (KO) mice to define receptor-specific contributions to oxaliplatin- versus paclitaxel-induced CIPN pain. Behavioral assessments of mechanical and cold hypersensitivity were integrated with histological profiling of MC recruitment and mediator profiles. Genetic findings were validated pharmacologically with osthole, a natural MrgprB2/X2 antagonist.</p> Results <p>Both oxaliplatin and paclitaxel induced cutaneous MC accumulation in the hindpaw of WT mice, but they triggered distinct MC mediator-release profiles in vivo: oxaliplatin preferentially elevated tryptase, while paclitaxel was associated with greater histamine enrichment. Yet, neither drug directly activate MCs in vitro, as indicated by unchanged β-hexosaminidase release and calcium signaling. Importantly, MrgprB2 KO selectively attenuated oxaliplatin-induced tryptase upregulation and mechanical and cold hypersensitivity in vivo, without affecting paclitaxel-induced histamine changes or pain behavior. Consistently, with these genetic results, osthole selectively attenuated oxaliplatin-induced pain, but not paclitaxel-induced pain in WT mice.</p> Conclusions <p>These findings support a mechanistic dichotomy in CIPN pain, indicating that MrgprB2 contributes selectively to oxaliplatin-induced, but not paclitaxel-induced, CIPN in mice. More broadly, they suggest that CIPN involves mechanistically distinct neuroimmune states depending on the chemotherapeutic class and highlight MrgprB2/X2 as a drug class-selective target for platinum-induced CIPN pain treatment.</p>

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Mast cell-specific receptor MrgprB2 selectively mediates oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月23日

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  • Leo C. Guan,
  • Zhaoli Luo,
  • Ruchita Kothari,
  • Meilian Liu,
  • Jieru Wan,
  • Ankit Uniyal,
  • Annie Y. Guan,
  • Qing Lin,
  • Xinzhong Dong,
  • Jing Liu

摘要

Background

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) causes debilitating pain that limits anticancer treatment, yet effective therapies remain limited. Mast cells (MCs) regulate neuroimmune signaling implicated in CIPN, but their receptor-specific contributions remain poorly understood. In mice, oxaliplatin and paclitaxel produce robust mechanical and cold hypersensitivities that mirror CIPN pain. Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptor B2 (MrgprB2) and its human orthologue MrgprX2 are MC-restricted receptors that mediate non-IgE-mediated activation. However, whether MrgprB2 signaling differently contributes to oxaliplatin- versus paclitaxel-induced CIPN pain remains unclear.

Methods

We employed a comparative mechanistic approach using wild-type (WT) and MrgprB2 knockout (KO) mice to define receptor-specific contributions to oxaliplatin- versus paclitaxel-induced CIPN pain. Behavioral assessments of mechanical and cold hypersensitivity were integrated with histological profiling of MC recruitment and mediator profiles. Genetic findings were validated pharmacologically with osthole, a natural MrgprB2/X2 antagonist.

Results

Both oxaliplatin and paclitaxel induced cutaneous MC accumulation in the hindpaw of WT mice, but they triggered distinct MC mediator-release profiles in vivo: oxaliplatin preferentially elevated tryptase, while paclitaxel was associated with greater histamine enrichment. Yet, neither drug directly activate MCs in vitro, as indicated by unchanged β-hexosaminidase release and calcium signaling. Importantly, MrgprB2 KO selectively attenuated oxaliplatin-induced tryptase upregulation and mechanical and cold hypersensitivity in vivo, without affecting paclitaxel-induced histamine changes or pain behavior. Consistently, with these genetic results, osthole selectively attenuated oxaliplatin-induced pain, but not paclitaxel-induced pain in WT mice.

Conclusions

These findings support a mechanistic dichotomy in CIPN pain, indicating that MrgprB2 contributes selectively to oxaliplatin-induced, but not paclitaxel-induced, CIPN in mice. More broadly, they suggest that CIPN involves mechanistically distinct neuroimmune states depending on the chemotherapeutic class and highlight MrgprB2/X2 as a drug class-selective target for platinum-induced CIPN pain treatment.