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<p>Radiation therapy is a widely used and effective treatment for various types of cancer; however, it is associated with several side effects, including an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. While the molecular mechanisms underlying RT-induced cardiovascular damage remain unclear, the NLRP3 inflammasome has emerged as a central player in its pathogenesis. This review focuses on the current understanding of the involvement of NLRP3 in radiation-induced cardiotoxicity, highlighting emerging evidence reported in the literature. Recent findings shown that the NLRP3 inflammasome may play a role in radiation-induced cardiovascular diseases, drawing attention to it as a potential therapeutic target. We summarize key findings on the role of radiation in modulating the NLRP3 inflammasome and inducing cardiovascular disease, providing a detailed overview of NLRP3 inflammasome functions in different radiation-induced cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, we discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting NLRP3 to prevent radiation-induced cardiovascular diseases. The development of effective treatments for radiotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity is becoming increasingly urgent and understanding NLRP3-dependent mechanisms could pave the way for innovative therapeutic approaches.</p>

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Radiation meets inflammation: NLRP3 inflammasome at the core of radiation-induced cardiac injury

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月21日

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  • Caterina Boncompagni,
  • Stefania Giacovazzi,
  • Mariasole Perrone,
  • Sonia Missiroli,
  • Giulio Righes,
  • Paolo Pinton,
  • Carlotta Giorgi

摘要

Radiation therapy is a widely used and effective treatment for various types of cancer; however, it is associated with several side effects, including an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. While the molecular mechanisms underlying RT-induced cardiovascular damage remain unclear, the NLRP3 inflammasome has emerged as a central player in its pathogenesis. This review focuses on the current understanding of the involvement of NLRP3 in radiation-induced cardiotoxicity, highlighting emerging evidence reported in the literature. Recent findings shown that the NLRP3 inflammasome may play a role in radiation-induced cardiovascular diseases, drawing attention to it as a potential therapeutic target. We summarize key findings on the role of radiation in modulating the NLRP3 inflammasome and inducing cardiovascular disease, providing a detailed overview of NLRP3 inflammasome functions in different radiation-induced cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, we discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting NLRP3 to prevent radiation-induced cardiovascular diseases. The development of effective treatments for radiotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity is becoming increasingly urgent and understanding NLRP3-dependent mechanisms could pave the way for innovative therapeutic approaches.