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<p>Triple-negative<!--Query ID="Q1" Text="Please check if the authors and their affiliations are presented and indicated correctly. " Resolved="yes"--><!--Query ID="Q2" Text="Please check if the article title is presented correctly. " Resolved="yes"--> breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive malignancy with limited therapeutic options. Here, we identified a marked exhaustion phenotype in peripheral Vγ9Vδ2 (Vδ2) T cells from patients with TNBC, characterized by elevated PD-1 and TIM-3 expression. Untargeted serum metabolomics revealed significantly reduced taurine levels, which were inversely associated with Vδ2 T-cell exhaustion. Bioinformatic analyses further showed that higher expression of the taurine transporter SLC6A6 correlated with enhanced immune infiltration and favorable prognosis in TNBC. Mechanistically, taurine uptake via SLC6A6 alleviated immune exhaustion in Vδ2 T cells and enhanced PLCγ1 phosphorylation, thereby promoting IFN-γ and TNF-α production. In vitro, taurine-treated Vδ2 T cells exhibited enhanced cytotoxicity against TNBC cells. In vivo, taurine supplementation suppressed tumor growth in a γδ T cell-dependent manner. Collectively, these findings identify the taurine–SLC6A6 axis as a key regulator of Vδ2 T-cell function in TNBC and suggest taurine supplementation as a potential strategy<!--Query ID="Q3" Text="Please check if article note was captured and presented correctly. " Resolved="yes"--> to enhance γδ T cell-mediated antitumor immunity.</p>

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Taurine preserves γδ T cell fitness in triple-negative breast cancer

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月1日

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  • Haibo Duan,
  • Ke Li,
  • Wenhui Yuan,
  • Lanhong Pan,
  • Min Su,
  • Qiang Quan,
  • Jianfu Zhao,
  • Peng Li

摘要

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive malignancy with limited therapeutic options. Here, we identified a marked exhaustion phenotype in peripheral Vγ9Vδ2 (Vδ2) T cells from patients with TNBC, characterized by elevated PD-1 and TIM-3 expression. Untargeted serum metabolomics revealed significantly reduced taurine levels, which were inversely associated with Vδ2 T-cell exhaustion. Bioinformatic analyses further showed that higher expression of the taurine transporter SLC6A6 correlated with enhanced immune infiltration and favorable prognosis in TNBC. Mechanistically, taurine uptake via SLC6A6 alleviated immune exhaustion in Vδ2 T cells and enhanced PLCγ1 phosphorylation, thereby promoting IFN-γ and TNF-α production. In vitro, taurine-treated Vδ2 T cells exhibited enhanced cytotoxicity against TNBC cells. In vivo, taurine supplementation suppressed tumor growth in a γδ T cell-dependent manner. Collectively, these findings identify the taurine–SLC6A6 axis as a key regulator of Vδ2 T-cell function in TNBC and suggest taurine supplementation as a potential strategy to enhance γδ T cell-mediated antitumor immunity.