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Background <p>Understanding the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 viral infection and factors associated with in-hospital transmission rates among healthcare workers (HCW) is crucial for their protection. Brazil experienced high mortality rates due to COVID-19, and limited data are available on transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection among HCW. This cohort study aimed to assess the dynamic of SARS-CoV-2 infections in HCW from two tertiary hospitals in central Brazil, one of them a Reference Hospital for COVID-19.</p> Methods <p>From May 2020 to January 2021, 554 HCW directly involved with COVID-19 care were followed through 12 biweekly visits. During these visits, blood, nasal, and oropharyngeal samples were collected, and participants underwent interviews. SARS-CoV-2 detection was carried out using RT-qPCR, while the assessment of seroprevalence was based on IgG detection. Additionally, 35 positive samples underwent viral whole-genome sequencing.</p> Results <p>The infection prevalence, as per RT-qPCR, was 28.5% (24.9–32.4), reflecting an overall attack rate ranging from 0.5% to 9.5%, marked by two peaks in August and December 2020. Oligosymptomatic and asymptomatic infections accounted for 14% of prevalent infections. The seroprevalence rate stood at 25.8%. The hospitalization rate was 8.2%, with a fatality rate of 1.3%. Risk factors associated with a positive diagnosis of COVID-19 included being male, working at the referral hospital, having a graduate-education level, and using hydroxychloroquine and zinc for prevention or treatment. One reinfection was identified. Absenteeism was 56.6%. The infection dynamics mirrored the pattern observed in the general population.</p> Conclusion <p>One-third of the professionals in the followed cohort were infected. Being male, working in a COVID-19 referral center, having a low level of education, and using medications for preventive treatment represented risk factors. Healthcare workers at the COVID-19 referral hospital exhibited a higher incidence rate compared to those at the non-referral hospital, increasing the plausibility that some of the infections occur in the hospital environment.</p>

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Mapping the viral battlefield: SARS-CoV-2 infection dynamics among healthcare workers in Brazil

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月11日

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  • Antonio Luiz Dal Bello Gasparoto,
  • Samara Vilas-Bôas Graeff,
  • Wellyngton Matheus de Souza Santiago,
  • Danielle Gomes da Silva,
  • Thaynara Azevedo dos Santos,
  • Leandro Martin Paulino,
  • Wellington Santos Fava,
  • Fernanda Paes Reis,
  • Claudia Stutz,
  • Adriana de Oliveira França,
  • Ana Tereza Gomes Guerrero Moureau,
  • Camila Amato Montalbano,
  • Everton Ferreira Lemos,
  • Crhistinne Cavalheiro Maymone Gonçalves,
  • Carlos Alberto Bento Júnior,
  • Rodrigo Pires Dallacqua,
  • Julio Croda,
  • Aline Pedroso Lorenz,
  • Cristina Souza,
  • Taynara Nogueira Martins,
  • Kassia Roberta Nogueira da Silva,
  • Alda Maria Teixeira Ferreira,
  • Adriana Carla Garcia Negri,
  • Anamaria Mello Miranda Paniago,
  • Ana Rita Coimbra Motta-Castro,
  • James Venturini,
  • Ana Paula da Costa Marques,
  • Sandra Maria do Valle Leone de Oliveira

摘要

Background

Understanding the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 viral infection and factors associated with in-hospital transmission rates among healthcare workers (HCW) is crucial for their protection. Brazil experienced high mortality rates due to COVID-19, and limited data are available on transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection among HCW. This cohort study aimed to assess the dynamic of SARS-CoV-2 infections in HCW from two tertiary hospitals in central Brazil, one of them a Reference Hospital for COVID-19.

Methods

From May 2020 to January 2021, 554 HCW directly involved with COVID-19 care were followed through 12 biweekly visits. During these visits, blood, nasal, and oropharyngeal samples were collected, and participants underwent interviews. SARS-CoV-2 detection was carried out using RT-qPCR, while the assessment of seroprevalence was based on IgG detection. Additionally, 35 positive samples underwent viral whole-genome sequencing.

Results

The infection prevalence, as per RT-qPCR, was 28.5% (24.9–32.4), reflecting an overall attack rate ranging from 0.5% to 9.5%, marked by two peaks in August and December 2020. Oligosymptomatic and asymptomatic infections accounted for 14% of prevalent infections. The seroprevalence rate stood at 25.8%. The hospitalization rate was 8.2%, with a fatality rate of 1.3%. Risk factors associated with a positive diagnosis of COVID-19 included being male, working at the referral hospital, having a graduate-education level, and using hydroxychloroquine and zinc for prevention or treatment. One reinfection was identified. Absenteeism was 56.6%. The infection dynamics mirrored the pattern observed in the general population.

Conclusion

One-third of the professionals in the followed cohort were infected. Being male, working in a COVID-19 referral center, having a low level of education, and using medications for preventive treatment represented risk factors. Healthcare workers at the COVID-19 referral hospital exhibited a higher incidence rate compared to those at the non-referral hospital, increasing the plausibility that some of the infections occur in the hospital environment.