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Background <p>Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is characterized by poor prognosis and limited treatment options.This study aims to characterize the clinical significance, biological functions, and underlying mechanisms of RGS19 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and preliminarily analyze its association with the tumor immune microenvironment.</p> Methods <p>The expression pattern of RGS19 was analyzed using TCGA datasets, GEO databases, and clinical specimens. Its biological functions were verified through in vitro assays and in vivo experimental models. Correlations between RGS19 and cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes, and signaling pathways were analyzed. Immune infiltration analysis was also performed to explore the association between RGS19 expression and tumor immune microenvironment.</p> Results <p>RGS19 was markedly elevated in ccRCC tissues and cell lines compared with normal control groups. Its elevated expression correlated with advanced TNM stage, higher histologic grade, and poorer overall, progression-free, and disease-specific survival, establishing it as an independent prognostic factor. Furthermore, functional assays confirmed that RGS19 depletion curbed ccRCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro, and attenuated tumor growth in xenograft models. RGS19 overexpression exerted the opposite effects. RGS19 was positively correlated with CAMs and EMT-related genes, and enriched in cell adhesion and EMT signaling pathways. Furthermore, expression of RGS19 was associated with increased infiltration of immunosuppressive cell populations and diminished infiltration of Th17 cell subsets.</p> Conclusion <p>RGS19 promotes ccRCC progression through CAM-mediated adhesion, EMT, and immunosuppression, suggesting its clinical utility as a prognostic marker and a promising target for therapy.</p>

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RGS19 drives tumor progression and immunosuppression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma by modulating CAMs and EMT

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月20日

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  • Zhenhui Li,
  • Zhusheng Lian,
  • Kuo Ma,
  • Weihang Song,
  • Xiangdong Xue,
  • Lei Li

摘要

Background

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is characterized by poor prognosis and limited treatment options.This study aims to characterize the clinical significance, biological functions, and underlying mechanisms of RGS19 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and preliminarily analyze its association with the tumor immune microenvironment.

Methods

The expression pattern of RGS19 was analyzed using TCGA datasets, GEO databases, and clinical specimens. Its biological functions were verified through in vitro assays and in vivo experimental models. Correlations between RGS19 and cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes, and signaling pathways were analyzed. Immune infiltration analysis was also performed to explore the association between RGS19 expression and tumor immune microenvironment.

Results

RGS19 was markedly elevated in ccRCC tissues and cell lines compared with normal control groups. Its elevated expression correlated with advanced TNM stage, higher histologic grade, and poorer overall, progression-free, and disease-specific survival, establishing it as an independent prognostic factor. Furthermore, functional assays confirmed that RGS19 depletion curbed ccRCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro, and attenuated tumor growth in xenograft models. RGS19 overexpression exerted the opposite effects. RGS19 was positively correlated with CAMs and EMT-related genes, and enriched in cell adhesion and EMT signaling pathways. Furthermore, expression of RGS19 was associated with increased infiltration of immunosuppressive cell populations and diminished infiltration of Th17 cell subsets.

Conclusion

RGS19 promotes ccRCC progression through CAM-mediated adhesion, EMT, and immunosuppression, suggesting its clinical utility as a prognostic marker and a promising target for therapy.