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<p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) infection has emerged as a serious risk factor for global human health. Current antibiotic-based clinical eradication therapies still have many challenges, including inadequate drug permeability across the gastric mucus barrier, <i>H. pylori</i> biofilm-induced antibiotic resistance and recurrent infections, as well as gut dysbacteriosis. Herein, we report a probiotic-nanozyme hybrid system (LP@FeTA/CuPt), which is formed by coupling polyphenol-coated <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> (LP@FeTA) and CuPt nanozymes. LP@FeTA effectively penetrates the gastric mucus barrier <i>via</i> autokinetic movement, and facilitates the targeted delivery of CuPt nanozymes within <i>H. pylori</i> biofilms by “eating” extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). CuPt nanozymes respond to the acidic and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-rich biofilm microenvironment to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and release Cu ions, thereby achieving multi-target eradication of biofilms by interfering with <i>H. pylori</i> flagellar self-assembly, urease activity, outer membrane function and energy metabolism. Importantly, LP@FeTA/CuPt can be degraded by transferrin at the infection site, allowing the released CuPt nanozymes to reactivate the antibacterial immune functions of macrophage, thus eliminating biofilm-escaped bacterioplankton to prevent recurrent infections. Notably, LP@FeTA/CuPt also modulates gut microbiota homeostasis. This study provides a promising non-antibiotic therapeutic strategy for <i>H. pylori</i> infection.</p>

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Self-actuated probiotic-nanozyme hybrid system with mucus penetration, biofilm eradication and microbiota regulation for Helicobacter pylori infection

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月27日

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  • Wei Zhang,
  • Yanan Zhou,
  • Zijun Li,
  • Zhaowen Wang,
  • Fangzheng Zhu,
  • Yaoyu Zou,
  • Nianshuang Li,
  • Cong He,
  • Nonghua Lu,
  • Xiaolei Wang,
  • Yin Zhu

摘要

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has emerged as a serious risk factor for global human health. Current antibiotic-based clinical eradication therapies still have many challenges, including inadequate drug permeability across the gastric mucus barrier, H. pylori biofilm-induced antibiotic resistance and recurrent infections, as well as gut dysbacteriosis. Herein, we report a probiotic-nanozyme hybrid system (LP@FeTA/CuPt), which is formed by coupling polyphenol-coated Lactobacillus plantarum (LP@FeTA) and CuPt nanozymes. LP@FeTA effectively penetrates the gastric mucus barrier via autokinetic movement, and facilitates the targeted delivery of CuPt nanozymes within H. pylori biofilms by “eating” extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). CuPt nanozymes respond to the acidic and H2O2-rich biofilm microenvironment to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and release Cu ions, thereby achieving multi-target eradication of biofilms by interfering with H. pylori flagellar self-assembly, urease activity, outer membrane function and energy metabolism. Importantly, LP@FeTA/CuPt can be degraded by transferrin at the infection site, allowing the released CuPt nanozymes to reactivate the antibacterial immune functions of macrophage, thus eliminating biofilm-escaped bacterioplankton to prevent recurrent infections. Notably, LP@FeTA/CuPt also modulates gut microbiota homeostasis. This study provides a promising non-antibiotic therapeutic strategy for H. pylori infection.