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Background <p>The relationship between the triglyceride glucose (TyG) values and the development of diabetes in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients is not yet well researched. This study aims to examine how the baseline TyG levels correlate with the incidence of new-onset diabetes in this specific cohort.</p> Methods <p>This cohort included 2,506 normoglycemic Japanese adults with NAFLD who underwent routine health check-ups at Murakami Memorial Hospital between 2004 and 2015. Several statistical approaches, including restricted cubic splines and two-piecewise linear regression, were utilized to assess the relation between the TyG levels and diabetes risk.</p> Results <p>Among the 2,506 participants (mean age: 44.78 ± 8.32 years; 81.09% male), 203 individuals (8.10%) developed diabetes over the course of the 11-year follow-up period. A U-shaped relationship was observed between the levels of TyG and the onset of diabetes, with an inflection point identified at a TyG value of 7.82 (95% CI: 7.72-8.00). Below this threshold, each one-unit elevation in TyG values reduced the probability of diabetes by 93% (HR = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.01–0.32, <i>P</i> = 0.001). Conversely, above this threshold, each one-unit elevation increased the probability of diabetes by 70% (HR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.19–2.44, <i>P</i> = 0.004).</p> Conclusions <p>The findings validate a U-shaped association between TyG levels and new-onset diabetes in adults with NAFLD. Both low and high TyG levels increase diabetes probability in such a group.</p>

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Non-linear relationship between triglyceride glucose index and new-onset diabetes among individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a cohort study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月15日

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  • Xiaomin Liang,
  • Kai Lai,
  • Xiaohong Li,
  • Ying Li,
  • Zemao Xing,
  • Shuiqing Gui

摘要

Background

The relationship between the triglyceride glucose (TyG) values and the development of diabetes in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients is not yet well researched. This study aims to examine how the baseline TyG levels correlate with the incidence of new-onset diabetes in this specific cohort.

Methods

This cohort included 2,506 normoglycemic Japanese adults with NAFLD who underwent routine health check-ups at Murakami Memorial Hospital between 2004 and 2015. Several statistical approaches, including restricted cubic splines and two-piecewise linear regression, were utilized to assess the relation between the TyG levels and diabetes risk.

Results

Among the 2,506 participants (mean age: 44.78 ± 8.32 years; 81.09% male), 203 individuals (8.10%) developed diabetes over the course of the 11-year follow-up period. A U-shaped relationship was observed between the levels of TyG and the onset of diabetes, with an inflection point identified at a TyG value of 7.82 (95% CI: 7.72-8.00). Below this threshold, each one-unit elevation in TyG values reduced the probability of diabetes by 93% (HR = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.01–0.32, P = 0.001). Conversely, above this threshold, each one-unit elevation increased the probability of diabetes by 70% (HR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.19–2.44, P = 0.004).

Conclusions

The findings validate a U-shaped association between TyG levels and new-onset diabetes in adults with NAFLD. Both low and high TyG levels increase diabetes probability in such a group.