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Background <p>Earlier randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of prune on bone health provided inconsistent findings. This study aims to summarize the literature and elucidate the effect of prune on bone health.</p> Methods <p>In February 2025, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched for RCTs. The review was submitted to PROSPERO (CRD420250655812) and conducted according to the PRISMA statement guidelines. RCTs on the effects of prune on bone health markers were included. Weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence interval was used to calculate the pooled effect size. Random effects model was used to pool data. Risk of bias was assessed with Cochrane RoB 2 and certainty with GRADE.</p> Results <p>Seven studies were included in the systematic review, of which six studies involving 558 participants contributed data to at least one meta-analysis. Prune consumption had no significant effect on BMD (WMD = 0.001&#xa0;g/cm²; 95% CI: -0.005 to 0.007; I² = 0.0%) at various skeletal sites but significantly reduced tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b (TRAP-5b) (WMD = -0.365 U/L; 95% CI: -0.636 to -0.095; I² = 65.1%). Prune had no significant effect on bone alkaline phosphatase, insulin-like growth factor-1, and procollagen type 1&#xa0;N-terminal propeptide.</p> Conclusion <p>Prune consumption did not significantly affect BMD or bone formation biomarkers. Although prune intake was associated with reduced TRAP-5b, this biochemical finding did not translate into measurable BMD improvement, and its clinical relevance remains uncertain. Long-term RCTs are required to further clarify the effects of prune on clinically relevant bone outcomes across diverse populations.</p>

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Effects of prune on bone health; a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月1日

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  • Amirhossein Ataei Kachouei,
  • Sana Farzam,
  • Farzam Kamrani,
  • Alireza Najimi,
  • Aryan Hajian,
  • Fahimeh Haghighatdoost

摘要

Background

Earlier randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of prune on bone health provided inconsistent findings. This study aims to summarize the literature and elucidate the effect of prune on bone health.

Methods

In February 2025, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched for RCTs. The review was submitted to PROSPERO (CRD420250655812) and conducted according to the PRISMA statement guidelines. RCTs on the effects of prune on bone health markers were included. Weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence interval was used to calculate the pooled effect size. Random effects model was used to pool data. Risk of bias was assessed with Cochrane RoB 2 and certainty with GRADE.

Results

Seven studies were included in the systematic review, of which six studies involving 558 participants contributed data to at least one meta-analysis. Prune consumption had no significant effect on BMD (WMD = 0.001 g/cm²; 95% CI: -0.005 to 0.007; I² = 0.0%) at various skeletal sites but significantly reduced tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b (TRAP-5b) (WMD = -0.365 U/L; 95% CI: -0.636 to -0.095; I² = 65.1%). Prune had no significant effect on bone alkaline phosphatase, insulin-like growth factor-1, and procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide.

Conclusion

Prune consumption did not significantly affect BMD or bone formation biomarkers. Although prune intake was associated with reduced TRAP-5b, this biochemical finding did not translate into measurable BMD improvement, and its clinical relevance remains uncertain. Long-term RCTs are required to further clarify the effects of prune on clinically relevant bone outcomes across diverse populations.