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Background <p>Probiotics, particularly Lactobacillus species, show promise as adjuvants in cancer therapy due to their pro-apoptotic effects. This study investigated the synergistic impact of <i>Lactobacillus fermentum</i> (Ab.RS23) and vincristine sulfate on colorectal (HT-29) and breast (MCF-7) cancer cells.</p> Methods <p>Cells were treated with vincristine, <i>L. fermentum</i>, or both. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Apoptosis was analyzed via Annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometry. Gene expression changes were evaluated by RT-qPCR.</p> Results <p>Co-treatment reduced the IC₅₀ of vincristine by 8-fold in HT-29 and 13-fold in MCF-7 cells. Apoptotic signaling was enhanced, with pro-apoptotic pathways upregulated and survival pathways downregulated.</p> Conclusion <p><i>L. fermentum</i> enhanced vincristine-induced apoptosis and reduced the required drug dose, which may contribute to lowering vincristine-associated toxicity. These findings require confirmation through in vivo studies.</p>

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Probiotic-enhanced chemotherapy: Lactobacillus fermentum synergizes with vincristine to induce apoptosis via dual pathway activation in human cancer cells

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月5日

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  • Abbas Asoudeh-Fard,
  • Mohadeseh Asoudeh-Fard,
  • Asghar Parsaei

摘要

Background

Probiotics, particularly Lactobacillus species, show promise as adjuvants in cancer therapy due to their pro-apoptotic effects. This study investigated the synergistic impact of Lactobacillus fermentum (Ab.RS23) and vincristine sulfate on colorectal (HT-29) and breast (MCF-7) cancer cells.

Methods

Cells were treated with vincristine, L. fermentum, or both. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Apoptosis was analyzed via Annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometry. Gene expression changes were evaluated by RT-qPCR.

Results

Co-treatment reduced the IC₅₀ of vincristine by 8-fold in HT-29 and 13-fold in MCF-7 cells. Apoptotic signaling was enhanced, with pro-apoptotic pathways upregulated and survival pathways downregulated.

Conclusion

L. fermentum enhanced vincristine-induced apoptosis and reduced the required drug dose, which may contribute to lowering vincristine-associated toxicity. These findings require confirmation through in vivo studies.