Background <p>Adiposity peak (AP) and adiposity rebound (AR) are key indicators of early childhood growth, which are closely related to obesity, premature puberty, and metabolic abnormalities. Epidemiological studies have shown that prenatal metal exposure is linked to obesity in children. However, studies concerning the association of metals during pregnancy with AP and AR in children are scarce.</p> Methods <p>We measured the concentration of 17 serum metal elements including aluminum (Al), vanadium, manganese (Mn), iron, cobalt (Co), nickel, copper, zinc, selenium, cadmium, barium (Ba), thallium (Tl), lead, calcium, magnesium, mercury (Hg), and molybdenum across three trimesters and in cord blood from 2718 mother-infant dyads. Individual body mass index (BMI) trajectories from birth to 7&#xa0;years old were fitted to estimate AP and AR in offspring. Linear mixed models were used to identify relevant metal elements associated with AP or AR, and multiple informant models, Bayesian kernel machine regression, quantile-based g-computation, and weighted quantile sums were applied to assess associations of prenatal individual and mixed metals exposure with AP and AR.</p> Results <p>Prenatal Al, Mn, Co, Ba, Tl, and Hg were positively associated with the age and BMI of AP and negatively associated with the age of AR, whereas boys were more susceptible to Hg, and girls were more susceptible to Mn. Exposure to Ba (OR = 1.20, 95%CI 1.03, 1.39, P = 0.02) and Tl (OR = 1.36, 95%CI 1.04, 1.78, P = 0.03) in the first trimester was significantly correlated with the advanced AR phase. In addition, the second trimester might be a sensitive window, and Mn, Co, and Tl were the key metals in mixtures.</p> Conclusions <p>This study presents the initial epidemiological evidence of the associations between prenatal metal exposure and AP and AR in children, as well as sex-specific and stage-specific associations.</p>