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Background <p>Healthy lifestyle modification is widely recommended for preventing digestive system diseases, but the effects of individual and combined behaviors, particularly potential interactions, are not fully understood.</p> Methods <p>This study investigates the association between six healthy lifestyle behaviors (moderate alcohol consumption, never smoking, adequate sleep, regular physical activity, a healthy diet, and limited sedentary behavior) and the risk of 20 digestive system diseases, participants were grouped into high, moderate, and low adherence. Cox proportional hazards models evaluated the associations between these behaviors and disease risk.</p> Results <p>Among 267,408 participants, 53,690 (20.08%) were classified as high adherence group, 158,023 (59.09%) as moderate adherence group, and 55,695 (20.83%) as low adherence group. Compared with the low adherence group, the high adherence group had a hazard ratio of 0.72 (95% CI: 0.70 to 0.74) and the moderate adherence group 0.82 (95% CI: 0.80 to 0.84). Each behavior independently reduced risk, indicating there were only additive effects but no synergistic or antagonistic interactions.</p> Conclusions <p>Greater adherence to healthy lifestyle behaviors is associated with a reduced risk of digestive system diseases. The absence of interactions among behaviors simplifies implementation, allowing individuals to focus on adopting as many behaviors as possible to maximize benefits.</p>

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Combined impact of multiple healthy lifestyles on digestive diseases: a large population-based prospective cohort study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月21日

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  • Lei Yuan,
  • Zixin Lan,
  • Juanfang Zhu,
  • Yan Chen,
  • Yang Zhao,
  • Nan Wang,
  • Huimin Zheng,
  • Zhengwei Wan,
  • Lijuan Liu,
  • Jinhai Sun,
  • Emad M. El-Omar,
  • Zhe Zhao,
  • Pan Li

摘要

Background

Healthy lifestyle modification is widely recommended for preventing digestive system diseases, but the effects of individual and combined behaviors, particularly potential interactions, are not fully understood.

Methods

This study investigates the association between six healthy lifestyle behaviors (moderate alcohol consumption, never smoking, adequate sleep, regular physical activity, a healthy diet, and limited sedentary behavior) and the risk of 20 digestive system diseases, participants were grouped into high, moderate, and low adherence. Cox proportional hazards models evaluated the associations between these behaviors and disease risk.

Results

Among 267,408 participants, 53,690 (20.08%) were classified as high adherence group, 158,023 (59.09%) as moderate adherence group, and 55,695 (20.83%) as low adherence group. Compared with the low adherence group, the high adherence group had a hazard ratio of 0.72 (95% CI: 0.70 to 0.74) and the moderate adherence group 0.82 (95% CI: 0.80 to 0.84). Each behavior independently reduced risk, indicating there were only additive effects but no synergistic or antagonistic interactions.

Conclusions

Greater adherence to healthy lifestyle behaviors is associated with a reduced risk of digestive system diseases. The absence of interactions among behaviors simplifies implementation, allowing individuals to focus on adopting as many behaviors as possible to maximize benefits.