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Background <p>Southwest China has been pivotal for agricultural spread, ethnic formation, and cultural diffusion. However, the genetic diversity and population structure of this area remain insufficiently explored, especially during the historical period.</p> Results <p>Here, we report genome-wide data of eight ancient individuals from the Songshan site in Guizhou dating back to the Song and Ming Dynasty. Our results reveal that most Songshan individuals are closely related to the Yellow River Basin farmers, while also showing significant genetic influences from southern East Asia, including affinities with ancients in Guangxi, coastal Fujian, and Southeast Asia. Additionally, some Songshan individuals displayed a high genetic affinity with local Hmong-Mien populations.</p> Conclusions <p>These findings underscore the complexity of genetic interactions and population movements during the historical period, providing new insights into the genetic landscape and ethnic formation processes in Southwest China.</p>

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Ancient genomes in Southwest China revealed genetic interactions among diverse populations in the historical period

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月1日

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  • Wen Wan,
  • Huangzhen Huang,
  • Changguo Hu,
  • Xinglong Zhang,
  • Qingting Zhou,
  • Meiqing Yang,
  • Jianxin Guo,
  • Mingxia Xie,
  • Kongyang Zhu,
  • Xiaomin Yang,
  • Hao Ma,
  • Rui Wang,
  • Jing Zhao,
  • Le Tao,
  • Haifeng He,
  • Qun Zhang,
  • Li Jin,
  • Bisu Zhou,
  • Jiang Huang,
  • Chuan-Chao Wang

摘要

Background

Southwest China has been pivotal for agricultural spread, ethnic formation, and cultural diffusion. However, the genetic diversity and population structure of this area remain insufficiently explored, especially during the historical period.

Results

Here, we report genome-wide data of eight ancient individuals from the Songshan site in Guizhou dating back to the Song and Ming Dynasty. Our results reveal that most Songshan individuals are closely related to the Yellow River Basin farmers, while also showing significant genetic influences from southern East Asia, including affinities with ancients in Guangxi, coastal Fujian, and Southeast Asia. Additionally, some Songshan individuals displayed a high genetic affinity with local Hmong-Mien populations.

Conclusions

These findings underscore the complexity of genetic interactions and population movements during the historical period, providing new insights into the genetic landscape and ethnic formation processes in Southwest China.